Neurofibromatosis (NF) is the most common of the phakomatoses, with a prevalence of 1 in 3-4,000. Many organ systems can be affected. In addition to multiple peripheral neurofibromas, NF I predisposed to CNS tumors including optic glioma, astrocytoma and plexiform neurofibroma. The purpose of this pictorial review is to illustrate characteristic brain MR imaging lesions in children with NF I and to give some recommendations about diagnostic imaging procedures in children suffering from NF I. Typical findings in brain MRI are hyperintense lesion on T2-weighted images, so-called unknown bright objects, which may be useful as an additional imaging criterion for NF I. Contrast administration is necessary in MR studies to maximize tumor detection and characterization, to add confidence to the diagnosis of benign probable myelin vacuolization, and to document stability of neoplasm on follow-up examinations. We recommend to perform serial MR imaging in children every 12 months. The frequency of follow-up in children with known brain tumors will vary with the tumor grade, biological activity and treatment.
MICs and MBCs of four new macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin and roxithromycin) and two older macrolides (erythromycin and josamycin) for Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis were determined. The activity of the new macrolides was as good as that of erythromycin, while josamycin was slightly less active. Bordetella parapertussis was more resistant than Bordetella pertussis.
This article records a spontaneous outbreak of a disease in monkeys in which the lesions corresponded closely to those found in amebic or tropical dysentery in man, and in which protozoal organisms occurred that had the structure and characteristics of those amebas generally considered the causative agents in human tropical dysentery. This spontaneous outbreak of amebic dysentery is of special interest since there appears to be no record of a similar case, and because our knowledge of this disease in animals is very meager. It is probable that the affection was introduced with one or several of the imported monkeys, and conveyed to the healthy individuals kept in the same cage. The possibility of transmission of the ameba to human beings through such sources must be given cognizance, and, furthermore, our findings suggest that at times imported animals might be carriers of the parasites without disclosing any clinical evidence. This phase of the manner in which disease may be spread is now continuously gaining in importance.
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