Introduction: The spread of Covid19 could be prevented by breaking the chain of transmission through the practice of wearing a mask while going outside or being in a crowd, washing hands using hand soap under running water, and doing physical distancing (3M). The difference in information distribution and access about Covid19 between rural and urban citizens connected to the awareness of doing 3M. This research aims to analyze the correlation between awareness and practicing wearing masks, washing hands, and physical distancing within rural and urban citizens. Methods: Data was collected using mixed-method survey, was done both online and offline to reach respondents from several provinces in Indonesia. Data retrieval was done using a questionnaire, and there were 2,196 people participated as respondents. Results and Discussion: Logistic regression analysis showed that age (p = 0.042; OR = 1.117), sex (p = 0.000; OR = 0.377), living area (p = 0.000; OR = 2.291), and knowledge (p = 0,000; OR = 1,450) have the significant relation with respondents' awareness of doing 3M. The age group of 27-36 years old, female, and well-knowledged respondents has a higher awareness of doing 3M than other groups. Rural citizens with a good awareness of doing 3M (87.78%) are bigger than urban citizens (76.02%). Conclusion: The good awareness of rural citizens has shown that both area's citizens already had the equality of information access, especially about Covid19 prevention and the government's policy and programs to reduce the spread of Covid199

Latar belakang: Sanitasi lingkungan dasar merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi baduta. Berdasarkan data dari Puskesmas Purwosari sebanyak 11 baduta memiliki status gizi kurang dan 8 diantaranya berasal dari Desa Pelem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan ketersediaan sanitasi dasar dengan status gizi pada baduta di Desa Pelem, Bojonegoro.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Pelem, Kecamatan Purwosari, Kabupaten Bojonegoro yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 28 Desember 2019 – 14 Januari 2020. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu total dari populasi seluruh baduta sebanyak 51 anak. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu status gizi baduta, sumber air bersih, ketersediaan jamban sehat, dan kepemilikan SPAL. Data diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan wawancara yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square.Hasil: Mayoritas masyarakat Desa Pelem mengambil sumber air bersih yang berasal dari sumur (94,0%), rumah yang telah memiliki jamban sehat hanya 60,7% dan 58,8% belum memiliki SPAL. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ketersediaan jamban sehat (p=0,004 < α) dan kepemilikan SPAL (p=0,015 < α) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap status gizi pada baduta.Simpulan: Ada hubungan antara ketersediaan jamban sehat dan kepemilikan SPAL terhadap status gizi baduta, sehingga strategi terhadap ketersediaan jamban sehat dan SPAL perlu dilakukan untuk menurunkan risiko status gizi kurang pada baduta. Title: Analysis Availability of Basic Sanitation On Nutritional Status Of Baduta In Pelem Village, Bojonegoro.Background: Environmental basic sanitation is one of the factor affect the nutritional status of baduta. Based on data from Purwosari Health Center as many as 11 baduta have undernutrition status and 8 between them are from Pelem Village.  Study aims to analyze availability of basic sanitation with nutritional status in under-fives in Pelem Village, Bojonegoro.Method: This research is an observational study with a cross sectional design. The research location was in Pelem Village, Purwosari District, Bojonegoro Regencyon 28 December 2019 – 14 January 2020. The sample in this study was the total population of all baduta with a total of 51 children. The variables studied are baduta nutritional status, availability of health latrines, and SPAL ownership. The data was obtained from observations and interviews then were analyzed using the chi-square test.Result: The majority of the people in Pelem Village took clean water from wells (94.0%), there were houses that have health latrine just 60,7% and about 58.8% did not have sewerage. Availability of healthy latrines (p=0,004 < α) and sewerage ownership (p=0,015 < α) have a significant relationship with nutritional status in under-fives.Conclusion: There is a relationship between the availability healthy latrines and sewerage ownership on the nutritional status of under-five children.

Dewasa ini jumlah pestisida terdaftar semakin meningkat, di Indonesia tahun jumlah pestisida terdaftar sejumlah 1082 nama dagang menjadi lebih dari 1500 nama dagang tahun 2006. Hal tersebut menunjukkan peningkatan penggunaan pestisida oleh petani. Penyemprotan pestisida yang tidak memenuhi aturan mengakibatkan dampak bagi kesehatan petani dan lingkungan. Data di Kabupaten Tuban, keracunan berat 0% , keracunan sedang 16%, keracunan ringan 30% dan normal 54%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pemakaian pestisida kimia terhadap kadar enzim cholinesterase dan residu pestisida dalam tanah.Desain penelitian bersifat deskriptif, berdasarkan waktunya menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara. Pemilihan informan dilakukan secara accidental sebanyak 25 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan responden berpengatahuan kurang mengalami keracunan 64%, keracunan karena sikap kurang 68%, keracunan karena toksisitas pestisida sedang 80%, keracunan karena dosis tidak sesuai anjuran 80%, keracunan karena masa kerja lama 72%, keracunan karena lama penyemprotan per hari baik 56%, keracunan karena frekuensi penyemprotan baik 72%, keracunan karena waktu penyemprotan baik 68%, keracunan karena posisi penyemprotan buruk 80%, keracunan karena penggunaan APD buruk 80%, keracunan karena perilaku merokok buruk 48%, keracunan karena perilaku makan/minum buruk 72%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah karakteristik pemakaian meliputi pengetahuan, sikap, jenis pestisida, toksisitas, dosis, masa kerja petani, lama penyemprotan per hari, frekuensi penyemprotan tiap minggu, waktu, posisi petani, penggunaan APD, merokok, makan/minum. Perlu diadakan pelatihan, penyuluhan dan pembinaan mengenai aplikasi pestisida yang baik dan benar serta pemeriksaan kesehatan petani dan pemeriksaan residu pestisida

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus) which attacks the respiratory tract, with mild to severe symptoms. The virus can infect the body through mucous membranes on the face with droplet transmission. Air pollution is thought to contribute to Covid19 events which can worsen the situation of people with Covid19. The aims of this literature review is to analyze Particulate Matter (PM) as environmental factors that contributes Covid19, so it is expected to be a study in terms of prevention and prevention in the field of environmental health. Discussion: PM is thought to have contributed to an increased risk of mortality and morbidity in Covid19 events. PM which has toxic properties can enter the lungs and affect the physiological condition of the lung organs. The findings regarding the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA strengthen the suspicion that PM plays a role in Covid19 transmission. Several studies have found that there is a relationship between PM and Covid19. PM2.5 which is smaller than PM10 has a higher ability to be a risk factor for ballast in Covid19. Conclusion: The results of this synthesis state that PM can be one of the driving factors of Covid19 transmission in air.

Kelurahan Pegirian merupakan salah satu daerah di bantaran sungai yang terletak di Kecamatan Semampir, Kota Surabaya. Kelurahan ini tidak memiliki tempat untuk menampung sampah yang dihasilkan oleh masyarakat, sehingga sebagian besar dibuang sembarangan di sungai. Program pemberdayaan ini mengacu pada Teori Dignan, yaitu analisis masalah, penilaian target, pengembangan program dan implemetasi serta evaluasi. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan khususnya di RW 04/RT 09 Kelurahan Pegirian. Hasil analisis masalah, prioritas masalah dan alternatif solusi didapatkan bahwa masyarakat tidak mempunyai tempat penampungan sampah dan membuang sampah di sungai, sehingga perlu diadakan program Bank Sampah. Program bank sampah mengundang orang untuk menyelamatkan limbah mereka dengan memegang prinsip 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). Tujuan dari program bank sampah ini adalah memberdayakan masyarakat untuk mengelola limbah mereka melalui bank sampah dan mendapatkan penghasilan tambahan. Manajemen bank sampah Pegirian telah dibentuk dan hingga kini memiliki 24 anggota. Diharapkan masyarakat akan lebih aktif mengikuti bank sampah sehingga jumlah anggota akan terus meningkat.

Pesticides still used massively in the agricultural sector would cause many poisoning and serious health problems. Organophosphate pesticides have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. This study aimed to analyze the comparison of thyroid hormone levels between the sprayers chronically exposed to pesticides and the control respondents who had never been exposed to pesticides. This study was an analytical observational with a cross-sectional design. The total number of respondents was 150, 50 as sprayers and 100 as control respondents. The venous blood samples were examined using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The findings significantly showed that the sprayer had a higher level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (4.776 ± 1.1166), lower triiodothyronine (T3) (108.822 ± 18.810), and lower thyroxine (T4) (7.808 ± 1.067). Determinant factors among sprayers that significantly correlated to TSH levels was (age = 0.006; work duration = 0.000; PPE = 0.045; body position = 0.014; type of pesticides = 0.004), correlated with T3 levels was (age = 0.037; body position = 0.045), correlated with T4 levels was (age = 0.000; PPE = 0.045). It could be concluded that chronic organophosphate exposure would increase TSH and decrease T3 and T4.

Introduction: Pasuruan District was in the 7th rank of the highest stunting prevalence in the East Java Province (39.7%). Stunting cases that are not handled properly lead to the decrease of cognitive and motor skills, productivity, and even lead to death. One of the risk factors for stunting cases is a history of infection with toddlers (or children under five) from poor behavior of family and caregiver. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of clean water use, personal hygiene for toddler caregivers, and the smoking behavior of family members in cases of stunting toddlers in Pasuruan District. Methods: The research was conducted using a case-control design with a ratio of 1: 1. Sampling using stratified random sampling and the proportion of 2% of 2,718 toddlers. Toddlers with z-scores <-3SD – <-2SD became a case group of 118 and toddlers with z-scores ≥-2SD – 2SD became controls of 114. Results and Discussion: There was an effect between smoking inside the house (p = 0.004, OR = 0.473), dishes and drinking utensils washed with soap and running water (p = 0.029, OR = 2.726), washing hands with soap and running water by caregivers (p = 0.002, OR = 2.52), and cutting fingernails by caregivers (p = 0.006, OR = 0.544) on cases of stunting toddlers. Conclusion: Clean water utilization, personal hygiene of toddler caregivers, and the smoking behavior of family members are the risks in the incidence of stunting toddlers in Pasuruan District. The variable of dishes and drinking utensils washed with soap and running water is the highest risk (OR = 2.726) for cases of stunting toddlers in Pasuruan District. The food and drink utensils that are not washed properly and correctly will allow bacterial contamination which causes toddlers to become infected.

Hygiene and sanitation are important in determining food quality, where Escherichia coli is an indicator of food pollution that can cause foodborne illness. The purpose of this study is to analyze the personal hygiene factors of food handlers by contamination of Escherichia coli in the food provided in Surabaya haj boarding services. The method used was observational with a cross-sectional approach. The research subjects were 57 food handlers and 57 food samples in Surabaya hajj boarding services. The statistical test used is the chi-square test. There was a personal hygiene relationship between food handlers and the presence of Escherichia coli in food at Jasaboga Hajj Dormitory Surabaya (p = 0.001; p