UMIN-CTR Study Design: trial Number: R000016846.

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Abstract:We present a study of using game theory for protecting wireless sensor networks (WSNs) from selfish behavior or malicious nodes. Due to scalability, low complexity and disseminated nature of WSNs, malicious attacks can be modeled effectively using game theory. In this study, we survey the different game-theoretic defense strategies for WSNs. We present a taxonomy of the game theory approaches based on the nature of the attack, whether it is caused by an external attacker or it is the result of an internal node acting selfishly or maliciously. We also present a general trust model using game theory for decision making. We, finally, identify the significant role of evolutionary games for WSNs security against intelligent attacks; then, we list several prospect applications of game theory to enhance the data trustworthiness and node cooperation in different WSNs.

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Usually a defected ground plane structure (DGS) provides only a band-reject response. However, in this work we introduce a simple band-accept circuit element in the DGS and developed a microstrip stub type compact 3-pole bandpass filter (BPF) at 4.2 GHz. The BPF has bandwidth and insertion loss 38% and 0.6 dB respectively. It has better than 25 dB rejection in the stopband up to 12 GHz.

This study is the first double-blinded RCT proving the efficacy of vitamin D3 in ASD patients. Depending on the parameters measured in the study, oral vitamin D supplementation may safely improve signs and symptoms of ASD and could be recommended for children with ASD. At this stage, this study is a single RCT with a small number of patients, and a great deal of additional wide-scale studies are needed to critically validate the efficacy of vitamin D in ASD.

In this study, novel compact filtennas with large tunable frequency band are proposed for cognitive radio (CR) applications. Tunability is achieved by integrating a tunable T‐shaped and H‐shaped bandpass filter with a planar ultra‐wideband monopole antenna. The T‐shaped filter consists of a microstrip resonator loaded with a stub. The H‐shaped filter is composed of two connected microstrip resonators. The proposed tuning technique for both filters is based on centrally loading the stub and the H‐shaped with only a single varactor for miniaturisation. Increasing the varactor capacitance results in decreasing the even resonant mode of the resonator without affecting the dominant odd mode. Measurements results show that the proposed T‐shaped and H‐shaped filtennas are capable of tuning over a wide operating band of 1.68 and 1.73 GHz covering continuous bands for CR communication with 32.9% frequency tuning range (TR) from 4.26 to 5.94 GHz and with 36.7% frequency TR from 3.85 to 5.58 GHz, respectively. Moreover, the radiation patterns are stable over the operating frequency ranges. The frequency characteristics and radiation performance are successfully optimised using 3D full‐wave electromagnetic simulator. The fabricated designs are measured for verification purposes. Good agreements are found between simulated and measured results.