ABSTRAKFokus penelitian ini adalah pembuatan sistem alat ukur kadar gas CH 4 dan pengukuran kadar gas CH 4 di lahan gambut. Sistem alat ukur terdiri dari rangkaian catu daya, sensor TGS2611, voltage follower, mikrokontoler ATMega8535, LCD karakter 16x2 dan komputer. Sensor TGS2611 dikalibrasi dengan gas metana yang dihasilkan dari reaktor biogas, sehingga diperoleh proporsi konsentrasi gas metana dan tegangan. Mikrokontroler ATMega8535 merupakan perangkat yang mengendalikan semua bagian dalam sistem alat ukur ini. Basic Compiler merupakan perangkat lunak yang bertanggung jawab untuk ambil data sensor, menghitung persamaan karakteristik, mengirim data ke LCD 16 x 2. Untuk mengartar muka antara sistem alat ukur dengan komputer menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Delphi.7. Hasil pengukuran dapat ditunjukkan secara terus menerus, waktu nyata dan pencatatan otomatis. Pengukuran kadar gas CH 4 pada lahan gambut menggunakan chamber berukuran 60 x 50 x 40 cm. Chamber berfungsi untuk memerangkap emisi gas CH 4 pada lahan gambut. Pengukuran dilakukan selama 2 jam menghasilkan perubahan konsentrasi gas CH 4 dari rentang 237 ppm sampai 295 ppm. Data hasil pengukuran disimpan dalam file dengan format *.xlsx. Kata Kunci:Chamber; Lahan gambut; Metana; Mikrokontroler ATMega8535; Sensor TGS2611; ABSTRACTThe research are focused on fabrication of measuring instrument for measure methane gas concentration on peatland. Measuring instrument consists of power supply unit, TGS2611 metahne gas sensor, voltage follower, ATMega8535 microcontroller, 16 x 2 LCD character and personal computer. TGS2611 is calibrated with methane from biogas present proportion between gas concentration and voltage. ATMega8535 module is a device to manage all part in measuring instrument. The software that responsible to take sensor data, calculating characteristic equation and sending data to 16 x 2 LCD character are Basic Compiler. To interface between measuring instrument and personal computer is maintained by Delph.7. The result of measuremnet can showed on 16 x 2 LCD caharacter and PC monitor continously, real time and recorded automatically. Closed-Chamber Measurement with dimension 60 x 50 x 40 cm 3 is used to trap methane on peatland. Mesurement during 2 hour on peatland produce 237 to 295 ppm.
Measuring device that used for measuring temperature and humidity inside soil digitally has been realized. The measuring device tested on soil along building foundation with putting SHT11 sensor inside soil using biopory drilling machine. The length of drill is 120 cm with 3, 5 diameter. The sensor is placed 5 cm from the end of the bottom drilling pipe clamped with rubber and styrofoam. In the drilling pipe there is an air hole that function is for air from the soil got into the sensor. The measurement done in 1 day, in each deep 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 cm. The maximum air temperature inside soil is 27,60C in the depths 120 cm and the minimum is 23,30C in the depths 60 cm. The maximum air humidity inside soil is 96,8 % in the depths of 60 cm and the minimum is 31,4 % in the depths of 100 cm. The data result of measurement is shown on the 16x2 LCD and laptop, using interface software and automatically save the data into Excel and database.
The Research and Development Center for The Soil and Agricultural Land Resources Office estimates that Indonesia's peatland area is around 14.9 million H. In the dry season, peatlands experience dryness, so they burn easily. More than 99% of the causes of forest and peatland fires are human-made, either deliberately burning or neglecting to use fire. IoT (Internet of Things) technology is used to connect all devices to the internet and enable communication of each other, one reason for which is that digital data stored on cloud storage, then display the data on a website. The website was designed to monitor the peat's condition by considering the peat's air temperature, peat soil temperature, peat soil moisture, and humidity around the peatlands. IoT retrieves and sends data to the cloud, then websites retrieve and display data from the cloud in diagram and table format for easy reading of monitors. Website monitoring systems utilize several components, including domains as addresses, web hosting as web data storage, and the CMS framework CodeIgniter is used as the basis of the application. Sending data from IoT to web hosting requires cloud storage. Without this, it is necessary to transfer data from the IoT to the website manually. The monitor system can read temperature and humidity sensor data, store it in the cloud, then display it on a website so that the data monitoring process runs well.
Solar cell power monitoring software module in measurement of current and voltage has been made using data acquisition system device. This module is programmed by Delphi and designed according to the necessities for solar cell monitoring. Necessities for monitoring include many data that will be monitored, i.e: current, voltage, power, time and chart. This module will be integrated with hardware so that the data measured by the hardware can be acquired and displayed by the software module. All monitored data are also displayed through Microsoft Excel which then can be saved. Data acquired from the test are i.e: 0,05 A for current1, 0,2 A for current2, 0,027 V for voltage1, 0,15 V for voltage2, 0,001 W for power1, and 0,004 for power2.
ATMega8535 microcontroller based data acquisition system for measure carbon monoxide gas with TGS 2600 carbon monoxide sensor has been realized. The equation of sensor characteristic is obtained by compared the value of carbon monoxide gases with voltage signal from TGS 2600 carbon monoxide sensor. The value of carbon monoxide gases concentration measured by Sanfix. The equation of sensor characteristic gave formula V = 0,1266 ln(x) + 0,0049, which V in voltage (volt) and x in part per million (ppm). The voltage signal as a product of sensor conditioned by voltage follower that applying OP07. the output signal from voltage follower connected with port A0, analog input in ATMega8535 microcontroller. Port A0 in ATMega8535 microcontroller has analog to digital converter (ADC) internally. The measurement data is displayed on the LCD character 16x2 and laptop via serial communication with Delphi interface program that it could noted the data in real time and could store the measurement data onto file in the form .xlsx. the system also used XAMPP program to store measurement data onto the form database. The range measurement of measuring instrument made is 6 to 80 ppm.
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