Klebsiella spp. is a common bacteria causing mastitis. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella varicola is the most infected Klebsiella spp in the dairy farm. This study used 16 milk samples from 8 lactation goats in Sahabat Ternak farm, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Samples were tested by california mastitis test (CMT) reagent to determine the mastitis status, inoculated on blood agar (BA) then on Mac Conkey Agar (MCA) as a selective media for Gram negative bacteria. The colonies from BA and MCA were stained by Gram staining to determine Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria and its cell morphology. The colonies from MCA were identified by biochemical tests such as sugar fermentation tests (glucose, lactose, maltose, and saccharose), arginine, ornithine decarboxylase, indole, citrate, urea hydrolysis (Christensen’s method), lysin and malonate. The result of mastitis test showed 5 goats were positive result and 3 samples were negative. Bacterial staining showed 2 samples were Gram-negative, rods and the others were Gram-positive, coccus. The samples with rods shapes were continued by biochemical tests. The characterization result of biochemical test indicated that the rods shapes bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae. These bacteria identification conducted in Laboratorium Preklinis Program Studi Kesehatan Hewan, Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada and the result confirmation using positive control of Klebsiella pneumoniae conducted in Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Yogyakarta. These results showed that milk from Etawah crossbreed goat was infected by Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Cocoa is one of the potential agricultural resources in Indonesia but still lacks the attention of stakeholders to get the best economic value. It is important to encourage the cocoa business industry to capture opportunities in the cocoa processing business in the future. Taman Teknologi Pertanian in Nglanggeran is an SME that is also a business incubator that has produced various chocolate products. The design used in this research was explanatory research with the process of data collection through interviews, observation, and questionnaires. This analysis consists of two steps of weighting and prioritizing. The weighted score of the IFE and EFE matrix is (2.5671; 3.1132). SWOT diagram is used to determine the current position of the company which is on the second quadrant (1.1895;-0.0460) which refers to the S-T strategy. The chosen strategy triggered to do diversification strategy as doing product innovation gradually according to consumer needs. Concentric diversification for internal can be done by utilizing cocoa peel waste as scrubs, whereas, concentric diversification for external can be done by developing agro-tourism. These strategies support sustainability in the area.
Mastitis merupakan radang pada glandula mammae (ambing) ternak perah. Mastitis tipe subklinis sering dikaitkan pada kejadian mastitis di peternakan ruminansia kecil seperti kambing perah (kambing Peranakan Etawah, Saanen, dan Sapera). Patogen utama yang berperan dalam kejadian mastitis ini adalah genus Staphylococcus. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi bakteri Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus sebagai penyebab mastitis subklinis pada kambing perah dengan menggunakan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Tahapan metode yang dilakukan adalah ekstraksi DNA dengan teknik spin-collumn system terhadap 26 isolat bakteri yang telah dilakukan uji biokimia sebelumnya dan amplifikasi gen spesifik 23s rRNA Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus, serta methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), dilanjutkan dengan visualisasi menggunakan UV-transluminator. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 12 isolat sampel teridentifikasi Staphylococcus sp. dan 1 diantaranya teridentifikasi Staphylococcus aureus. Isolat yang teridentifikasi Staphylococcus aureus bukan termasuk MRSA.
Abstract Dipping is one of the main process for the stage of milking process and it serves to prevent the the bacteria infected the udder on post-milking process. Mastitis can occur because of this stage not being carried out. The program partner is in the Turgo village, Turi, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This partner has obstacles in the magement of Ettawa crossbreed (PE) goat productivity including milking goat Standard Operating Management (SOP). The purpose of t his community service is to make farmer feel easier to do the dipping method by using herbal-based products sprayer to be applied to PE goats after milking to prevent occurence of mastitis. The method of this program is introducing PE goat cultivation by applying the concept of good farming practices and the importance of preventing mastitis, utilizing home yard to plant Piper betle linn. As a basis for making teat dip sprayer, and improving the productivity of PDE goat as dairy goat with herbal teat dip sprayer using ionic gelation method. Teat dip sprayer technology on dairy goats is expected to increase the productivity of PE goat milk in this partner “Kelompok Ternak”. The result is an increasing of farmer’s understanding and the sustainability of milking SOP of dipping with herbal products which easy to apply (sprayer); So that the livestock health and productivity are increases, then it will impact in economic of this farmer community.Abstrak Dipping merupakan proses pencelupan puting ambing ternak perah yang termasuk ke dalam tahapan proses pemerahan susu dan berfungsi untuk mencegah berkembangnya bakteri paska pemerahan. Kasus mastitis dapat terjadi akibat tahapan ini tidak dilakukan usai pemerahan. Mitra program ini adalah kelompok ternak di desa Turgo, Turi, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Mitra ini memiliki kendala dalam manajemen pengelolaan kambing PE produktif termasuk Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) dalam pemerahan susu kambing. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk memudahkan petani peternak dalam melakukan metode dipping dengan produk berbahan herbal untuk diaplikasikan pada ternak perahnya usai dilakukan pemerahan sebagai agen antibakterial untuk mencegah kejadian mastitis. Metode yang akan dilakukan melalui program ini yaitu memperkenalkan budidaya kambing PE dengan menerapkan konsep good farming practices dan pentingnya pencegahan mastitis, memanfaatkan pekarangan rumah untuk ditanami daun sirih hijau sebagai dasar pembuatan dipping sprayer, dan memperbaiki produktivitas ternak perah dengan herbal dipping sprayer menggunakan metode ionic gelation. Pemanfaatan teknologi dipping sprayer pada kambing perah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas susu kambing PE di Kelompok Ternak mitra ini. Hasil akhir berupa terbentuknya pemahaman peternak serta keberlanjutan SOP pemerahan berupa dipping dengan produk yang mudah pengaplikasiannya (spray dipping) sehingga ternak sehat, produktivitas meningkat, dan ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan mampu terangkat.
The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the combination of mix culture bacteria (EM4®:E) and fungi (<em>Trichoderma viridae</em>:TV) on physical quality and in vitro rumen fermentation parameters of peanut hull-based feed supplements. Basal feed was divided into four treatments, which were: P0 (BF); P1 (E:25%+TV:75%); P2 (E:50%+TV:50%),; and P3 (E:75%+TV:25%); and each treatment had three replications. Feeds were fermented facultative anaerobically for nine days. The observed parameters were physical qualities (color, odor, fungi appearance and pH), and in vitro rumen fermentation parameters (rumen pH, microbial protein content, and total volatile fatty acid content). Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA design, and the significance of differences were tested using Kruskall-Wallis test for the physical qualities data and Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) test for in vitro rumen fermentation parameters. Results showed that the combination of E and TV at different level did not affect odor and the fungi appearance parameters (P≥0.05), however, it significantly affected P≤0.05) color change from blackish (1.64) in P0 to brownish in P1, P2 and P3 of 2.44; 2.69; and 2.80, respectively. The pH also decreased significantly (P≤0.05) by 10.67%. Treatment also did not affect the rumen pH, microbial protein content, and total volatile fatty acid content (P≥0.05). It is concluded that the combination of the EM4® 25%: <em>Trichoderma viridae</em> 75% on peanut-hull based feed supplement fermentation gives the best result on color and pH fermented feed product without affecting the rumen fermentation process.
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