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Abstract-NEtwork MObility (NEMO) handles mobility of a set of mobile nodes in an aggregate way using one or more mobile routers. NEMO introduces several advantages, such as reduced signaling, increased manageability, reduced power consumption and conservation of bandwidth when compared to individual host mobility. NEMO Basic Support Protocol (BSP), the IETF standard for NEMO, suffers from a number of limitations, like inefficient route and increased handoff latency. Most of the recent research efforts on NEMO have concentrated on solving the problem of inefficient route resulting in several route optimization schemes to solve the problem. To choose a route optimization scheme, it is very important to have a quantitative comparison of the available route optimization schemes. The objective of this article is to survey, classify and compare the route optimization schemes proposed in the literature over the last five years. We classify the schemes based on the basic approach for route optimization, and compare the schemes based on protocol overhead, such as header overhead, amount of signalling, and memory requirements. We conclude that performance of the classes of schemes has to be evaluated under criteria such as available bandwidth, topology of the mobile network and mobility type.

Among the schemes, proposed in the literature to solve the route optimization problem in NEtwork MObility (NEMO), the prefix delegation-based schemes perform better than other schemes. Depending on the way the prefix are delegated, the prefix delegation-based schemes result in difference in performance under different speed at various distance from the home network (network to which mobile network usually belongs). Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the performance of individual prefix delegation-based scheme to find an appropriate scheme based on speed and distance from home network. In this paper, we identify the differences of the prefix delegation-based schemes using simulation. Results reveal that performance of the schemes depends on speed of the network and distance from home network.

Abstract-A number of prefix delegation-based schemes have been proposed in the literature to solve the route optimization problem in mobile networks. The route optimization solutions generate overheads and affect the performance of mobile networks. However, currently there is no tool available to aid in the selection of an appropriate scheme for a given mobility scenario. The objective of this paper is to develop analytical models for prefix delegation based schemes and compare the performance of the schemes for different mobility scenarios. Results show that the performance of a scheme depends on the characteristics of the mobile network, and there is no single scheme which suits all mobility scenarios.

Abstract-Network Mobility (NEMO) is coined for the efficient mobility management of multiple nodes which are moving together as a mobile network. A major limitation of the basic protocol in NEMO is the inefficient route for communication. A number of prefix delegation-based schemes have been proposed in the literature to solve the route optimization problem in NEMO. Approaches used by the schemes trade off delivery of packets through the partially-optimized route with signaling and other processing overheads. Cost of delivering packets through the partially-optimized route along with signaling and other processing cost need to be measured to find out the gain from tradeoff. However, cost analysis performed so far on NEMO protocols consider only the cost of signaling. In this paper, we have developed analytical framework to measure the costs of the basic protocol for NEMO, and four representative prefix delegation-based schemes. Our results show that cost of packet delivery through the partially-optimized route dominates over other costs. Therefore, optimizing the route completely is preferable to reduction of signaling as far as cost of network mobility is concerned. Our framework will help in visualizing the effects of future network expansion on the cost of route optimization schemes of NEMO.