Route optimization in network mobility: Solutions, classification, comparison, and future research directions

Shahriar, Abu Zafar M.; Atiquzzaman, Mohammed; Ivancic, William D.

doi:10.1109/surv.2010.020110.00087

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Thus, the bidirectional tunneling approach of NEMO BSP results in sub-optimal routing, increased header overhead, high handoff latency, and high data delivery delay [14]- [17]. Several route optimization techniques have been proposed in the literature [15], [16], [18]. The objective of the route optimization techniques is to update the CN about the current location of MR and thus introduces new security problems [18].…”

Section: Nemo Bspmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security in Network Mobility (NEMO): Issues, Solutions, Classification, Evaluation, and Future Research Directions

Basak

Sardar

2013

NPA

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The IETF has standardized network mobility (NEMO) basic support protocol (BSP) to extend Internet services to networks in motion such as in bus, trains etc. The NEMO BSP uses a bidirectional tunnel between the mobile router (MR) and its home agent (HA) resulting in suboptimal routing. Route optimization may be incorporated between the MR and the correspondent node (CN), by informing the HA and the CN about the MR's current location through binding updates. However, these binding updates are vulnerable to different attacks as malicious users may send fabricated binding updates to fool the MR, the HA, and the CN. Although the path between the MR and the HA is protected by IPSec tunnel, the paths between the MR and CN, between the HA and CN, and between a mobile network node and the MR remain unprotected. So the requirements of extending Internet services in NEMO and use of optimized route between the MR and the CN have introduced several security threats in NEMO. In this survey, we describe security requirements, issues, and attacks with their corresponding countermeasures in NEMO. Major attacks in NEMO include bombing attack, redirection attack, denial of service attack, man-in-the-middle attack, replay attack, home agent poisoning attack etc. These attacks can affect the integrity and privacy of data. This survey also provides an in-depth and categorized description of various security protocols and key management techniques which are specifically targeted for NEMO. Along the way we Network Protocols and Algorithms ISSN 1943-3581 2013 www.macrothink.org/npa 88 highlight the advantages and disadvantages of existing NEMO security protocols, evaluate them, and discuss open research issues.

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Section: Nemo Bspmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security in Network Mobility (NEMO): Issues, Solutions, Classification, Evaluation, and Future Research Directions

Basak

Sardar

2013

NPA

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“…We provide further analysis of the cost for a selected class of schemes that are a subset of the schemes mentioned as the A&S approach in [4] or TCA-based approach in [17]. We named these schemes as prefix delegation-based schemes in [5], Prefix delegation (PD) based schemes differ in the degree of route optimization, resulting in the variation in the amount of signaling depending on the node types. In addition, the method of prefix delegation differs among the schemes.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An overview of the schemes can be found in [3][4][5]. The schemes trade off between the degree of route optimization…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cost Analysis Framework for NEMO Prefix Delegation-Based Schemes

Shahriar

Hossain

Atiquzzaman

2012

IEEE Trans. on Mobile Comput.

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Abstract-Network Mobility (NEMO) is coined for the efficient mobility management of multiple nodes which are moving together as a mobile network. A major limitation of the basic protocol in NEMO is the inefficient route for communication. A number of prefix delegation-based schemes have been proposed in the literature to solve the route optimization problem in NEMO. Approaches used by the schemes trade off delivery of packets through the partially-optimized route with signaling and other processing overheads. Cost of delivering packets through the partially-optimized route along with signaling and other processing cost need to be measured to find out the gain from tradeoff. However, cost analysis performed so far on NEMO protocols consider only the cost of signaling. In this paper, we have developed analytical framework to measure the costs of the basic protocol for NEMO, and four representative prefix delegation-based schemes. Our results show that cost of packet delivery through the partially-optimized route dominates over other costs. Therefore, optimizing the route completely is preferable to reduction of signaling as far as cost of network mobility is concerned. Our framework will help in visualizing the effects of future network expansion on the cost of route optimization schemes of NEMO.

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“…As specified in Shahriar et al (2010), the extensions of routing optimizing offer provide means for the nodes to make cache binding of the MN. Mobility binding is mobility information associated to the MN, such as HA and CoA.…”

Section: Optimizing Of Routing For the Mipv4mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Afterwards, the FA or the MH itself decapsulates the tunnelled packets, depending on the CoA type. If MIP with Route Optimization (MIP-RO) Shahriar et al (2010) is applied, the HA may send a Binding Update (BU) message to the CH on intercepting the first incoming packet. This functionality allows the CH to tunnel directly the following session packets to the CoA associated with the mobile device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%