This article provides information on the spread, development and damage of fusarium disease, which occurs in cabbage vegetable crops (white cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, red cabbage, savoy cabbage, Chinese cabbage) and the use of biological preparations against this disease. Healthy and vigorous seedlings were obtained when fusarium disease was treated with a titrated suspension Orgamica F of 1∙108 CFU (colony forming unit)/ml, and the number of diseased seedlings was 0.6–1.0%. It was noted that 0.9-1.3% of seedlings from seeds treated with a titrated suspension of the preparation 1∙104 CFU/ml were infected with fusarium disease. Also, in the experiment, a option that showed high biological efficacy against white fusarium disease: Orgamika F biopreparation 3 times, ie with a suspension of 1∙108 CFU/ml titer per seed before sowing, 2% suspension of the biopreparation (2∙106 CFU/ml titration suspension). It is recommended to apply the biopreparation to the seedling root before planting and 15 days after planting in the field with a suspension of 0.25% concentration (2.5∙104 CFU/ml titration) under production conditions.
The effect of certain fungicides approved for use against this disease of Brassicaceae vegetable crops has been studied, it has also been found that the cultivation of cabbage seedlings and crops led to the formation of a natural infectious background of fungi that cause downy mildew disease. In the greenhouses where downy mildew disease was recorded, the fungicides Shavit F 72% w.s.g. at rates 0,15 g, 0,20 g and 0,25 g per 1 m2 area, Kurzat R w.p. at rates 0,25 g, 0,30 g and 0,35 g per 1 m2 area were applied against the disease. Bordo fluid of 1% was used as a standard option. Conducting experiments in such environment was a necessary factor to correctly evaluate the effect of fungicides on the disease.
The article presents the data on the prevalence of Fusarium disease among the diseases found in Brassicaceae vegetable crops in Tashkent region. Fusarium-infected plants were observed to lose their green color and gradually turn yellow and were stunted in growth and development. When comparing the prevalence of Fusarium disease by farms, the indicator on this regard was relatively more (10.0-23.5%) in Rahmatkhujaev Toir farm in Tashkent region, while in the farm of "Fresh Rose" LLC in Urta Chirchik district, the spread rate was 7.1-21.3%, and in Yahyokhon Ziyo Nur farm of Tashkent district, it was equal to 7.2%-19.4%.
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