The paper provides the study and substantiation of the parameters of semi-hitched spindle cotton harvesters during one-time cotton-picking. A calculation scheme for the spindle interaction with an open cotton boll in the “cylinder-deformable ball” form was proposed. A mathematical model to change the distance between oppositely located spindle drums in the working chamber and a method to calculate the indentation of the boll contact on the spindle of a vertical-spindle picking apparatus were obtained. The model made it possible to calculate the rational technological parameters of the device and machine. Kinematic functioning parameters of vertical-and horizontal-spindle picking devices were specified, taking into account their installation on a semi-hitched cotton harvester. The obtained data were used to create machines for a one-time cotton-picking.
This article provides a calculation of the performance of cotton harvesters. The previously proposed models of cotton-harvesting machines are described, as well as new developed models are offered. Based on a numerical study, a comparative analysis of MX-1.8 vertically spindle cotton harvesters and Keys 2022 horizontally spindle cotton harvesters is provided. The influence of the parameters of the cotton harvesters on their productivity is determined.
Harvesting machines of modern cotton pickers are equipped with spindle drums, making rotational movements against the direction of machine motion. To ensure the natural position of the bushes with bolls in the working area of the vertical spindle apparatus, the linear speeds of the spindle centers on the drums advance the speed of the machine. The aim of the paper is to develop a methodology for calculating the lead coefficient depending on the parameters of the drum, spindle, its activity, and frontal location, where the active surface of the spindle should be located opposite the cotton plant. Specific recommendations are given for calculating the operating modes of a cotton picker.
The article describes the influence of factors as a suction and injection method of transporting raw cotton from a harvesting machine to the mechanical damage of cotton seeds. The influence of the rotation speed and design of the fan impeller, as well as the width of the working slit of the harvesting apparatus on the formation of an undesirable defect, that is, mechanical damage to cotton seeds are examined. Recommendations are proposed to reduce the mechanical damage to cotton seeds.
Rotating the spindle together with the drum, the cotton is transported to the pick-up area, where due to the spindle reversal due to the epicycle mechanism of its drive, the bulk of the cotton is inertia (up to 75-80%) discharged from the spindle surface, and part of the cotton windings is removed by brush pullers rotating in the same direction ( while the linear speed of the brushes is 4 times greater than the peripheral speed of the spindle) and under the action of centrifugal force, the cotton from the surface of the puller is dumped into the slotted receiving chamber of the harvester apparatus.
The article presents the methods for calculating the pressure loss of the pneumatic transport system of a cotton harvester related to the power consumption of the fan drive. Mathematical models for computer calculation are presented. Numerical studies of the influence of the pipeline diameter and the air mixture composition on the power consumption of the fan drive are presented. It was determined that with an increase in the diameter of the pipeline from 0.15 m to 0.175 m and a change in the mixture concentration μ = 0.228 ÷ 0.338 for a serial receiving chamber, the fan drive power decreases from 10.3 kW to 5.79 kW.
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