Almonds are an important dried fruit and second in the ranking, after raisin and grape, in Afghanistan. The decline in their production is due to low levels of technology adoption, as well as the extreme use and poor timing of inorganic fertilizer application in the Uruzgan Province. Since organic fertilizers are vital to producing quality almonds, this study examined the relationship between the knowledge, attitude, and practice related to the adoption of organic fertilizer. This study applied the technology acceptance model (TAM) and theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to investigate the adoption of organic fertilizer. The Tarin Kowt District was purposively selected, as it represents the top almond-producing district of Uruzgan Province. A multi-stage sampling survey was employed with 116 almond smallholder farmers. The results show a positive and significant effect of practice and knowledge on organic fertilizer adoption. To improve organic fertilizer adoption, knowledge and practice should be advocated among almond smallholder farmers. This research contributes to the demonstration of practical training methods and participation in technology, as training is the most important factor in providing information about organic fertilizer adoption and could have a higher chance of stimulating farmers to adopt organic fertilizers.
It is impossible to fulfill the rising food demands of expanding population. As the organic fertilizer is the only and sustainable choice. Numerous types of research in agriculture are the significant evidence of organic fertilizer adoption. So, the whole emphasis of this paper is on assessing the most influencing predictors of organic fertilizers adoption among farmers. The review is based on secondary data and information available in the scientific domains and the time is limit to the years 2001 to 2022. The results revealed that farmers' knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP), extension services, market availability, sources of information, and many demographic factors such as education, farm size, etc. play a crucial role in organic fertilizer adoption. The results further explored as the organic fertilizers are the slow release of organic matter but their nutrients are long-lasting. It is required for all relevant organizations in each country all over the world to pave the way of educational programs to improve farmers' information, extension services, knowledge, and ease the access to marketabout organic fertilizer adoption. However, it is required to hold various approaches like training, incentive programs, field work with farmers, and supply of (brochures, leaflets, magazines, etc.) for the target group to facilitate the said important factors for the farmers to adopt organic fertilizer adoption. There is a need for a scientific study to find the exact requirement of organic fertilizer in agricultural farms' land. Thus it will result in a high yield of diverse crops, clean and sustainable environment.
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