Home gardens are an essential component of the local food system and family farming worldwide. In Indonesia, a home food gardening program was initiated in the early 2010s to optimally utilize home yards for improving the adequacy of food consumption and nutrition intake of households. In the present challenging situation of Covid-19 pandemic, there has been a growing interest in home gardens to help mitigate food insecurity caused by food supply chain disruptions and the emergence of physical and economic barriers that limit access to food. This paper is a review of pertinent literature to find out the characteristics of home gardens and home gardening program in Indonesia and then examine their contribution to each pillar of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. The experiences of home gardens worldwide are reviewed to understand the global context of home gardens and food security. Literature reviews found a positive impact of home gardening program on food availability, access, and utilization. However, improving food stability through a home food gardening program is still a challenging task. This finding implies that the positive contribution of the home food gardening program to household food security is largely limited to the program period. Nevertheless, the program is still an important strategy to address food insecurity and nutrition deficiency of low-income households. Future research should assess factors affecting the sustainability of the program to derive viable models applicable in diverse circumstances. There is a need for research to assess the value and importance of home gardens as a coping strategy to reduce vulnerability and food insecurity in the present global Covid-19 pandemic.
This study determined the role of farmer institutions and government policies on farmers' behaviour in the use of chemical pesticides. Questionnaire was used in as data collection instrument. The research location was Kolaka Timur (Koltim) Regency that has been cultivating lowland rice since the 1980s and become one of the centres of rice production in Southeast Sulawesi and the majority of the farmers are still dependent on pesticides in pests and diseases controlling in rice plants The population of this study was 273 lowland rice farmers. The sampling technique was by simple random sampling of 20% of the total population so that the sample size is 55 respondents. Descriptive data analysis, Spearman rank correlation analysis, and multiple regression were conducted with the SPSS program. The results showed that farmers' behaviour in the use of chemical pesticides was not as recommended.
Sorghum is one of the most important food crops globally, which has become the fifth food crop after wheat, rice, corn, and barley. Sorghum has excellent potential to be developed in Indonesia because it has wide adaptability, especially on dry land, and produces high productivity. This study aims to determine the possibility of sorghum plants in Lamunde Village, Tinondo District, East Kolaka Regency. The population in this study were sorghum farmers, totaling 25 people, using the method census or saturated sampling, which took the entire population as a sample so that 25 people were obtained as research samples. Data analysis used SWOT analysis using IFE (Internal Factors Evaluation) Matrix, EFE Matrix (External Factors Evaluation), and IE Matrix (Internal External). The results showed that the strategy that needs to be applied for sorghum farmers in seeing the potential for the development of sorghum plants in Lamunde Village is a strategy of concentration through vertical integration. Growth through engagement can be achieved through vertical integration by taking over the function of suppliers, namely sorghum farmers, or by taking over the tasks of distributors, namely buyers of sorghum production, either in the form of wholesalers or collectors and companies.
This research aims to determine the feasibility of the rice milling business in Wulanga Jaya Village, Tikep District, West Muna Regency. The research location was determined purposively. The sampling technique in this research used saturated sampling, where all population members were sampled. The sample in this research was the owner of a rice mill business in Wulanga Jaya Village, Tikep District, West Muna Regency, and three businesses. The time of this research was carried out in May-October 2021. The variables in this research are, Respondent Identity which includes respondent's age, education level, length of business, number of family dependents, and Feasibility Analysis of Rice Milling Business which provides for total production costs, fixed costs, costs variables, revenue, income, NPV, IRR, Net B/C Ratio and Payback Period. Data analysis in this study uses the formula for income, revenue, and total production costs. The feasibility analysis used the calculation of NPV, IRR, Net B/C Ratio, and payback period. From the results of research using the feasibility analysis of the rice milling in Wulanga Jaya Village, Tikep District, West Muna Regency, it is feasible to run, and this can be seen from the total NPV calculation of IDR.26,702,563, IRR calculation of 17%> 12%, calculation of Net B/C Ratio 4.79 > one and analysis of Payback Period 4.6 years.
Abalone is one type of shellfish that has high economic value. This study aimed to assess market structure of abalone. The study was carried out in Bajo Bahari Village in Buton District, and Bau-Bau Municipality. Respondents consisted of 30 abalone catchers in the village, and three village abalone collectors (VACs) and two inter-island abalone traders (IATs) selected using snowball sampling method. Data were collected first in February 2015 and in May 2020 during Covid-19 pandemic. Data were analyzed qualitatively. Market structure was identified through assessment of the nature of competition based on the number of buyers and sellers, product differentiation, and entry and exit barriers. Study results showed that market structure exhibits oligopsony, in which the number of producers are more than that of village collectors, product differentiation is absent, and there exist some barriers to entry for village collectors. During Covid-19 pandemic, fishermen stop catching wild abalone, so there are still no more products to be marketed.
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