Two field experiments were carried out during growing seasons 2010 and 2011, it executed in research farm of national research center in Nubaryia region, Egypt to study the effect of pulse drip irrigation and mulching systems for saving water, increasing and improving yield of soybean. The study factors were, pulse drip irrigation technology (adding of daily water requirements on 4 times, 8 times, 12 times compared with adding of daily water requirements on 1 time) and mulching systems (covering the soil with black plastic mulch "BPM", rice straw mulch "RSM" and the control treatment was soil surface without mulch "WM"). The following parameters were studied to evaluate the effect of pulse drip irrigation and mulching systems: 1) Soil moisture distribution in root zone, 2) Growth characters of soybean plant, 3) Yield of soybean, 4) Irrigation water use efficiency of soybean "IWUE soybean", and 5) Oil content and oil yield, 6) Protein content and protein yield, 7) Economical parameter. According to the economical view and the results of statistical analysis for effect of pulse drip irrigation and mulching systems on yield, quality traits and IWUE soybean indicated that, applying the irrigation requirements on 8 pulses/day with using BPM is the best conditions because under these conditions was occurred the highest value of yield, quality traits and IWUE soybean and there was significant deference between this case and other treatments. Where, pulse irrigation technique increase from water movement in horizontal direction than vertical direction hence improve from soil moisture distribution and wetted soil volume in root zone and using BPM decrease from evaporation process rate from soil surface hence decreasing of salts accumulation in addition to decreasing of weed growth in the root zone. All traits at AIR on 12 pulses/ day are decreased by increasing of pulses, this may be due to irrigation water was very small with every pulse at AIR on 12 pulses/day in addition increasing the total time of time-off, this mean, un-sufficient application for irrigation water to remove water stress in the root zone.

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In order to examine the application of different soil and foliar organic fertilizers as well as biofertilizing flax under sandy soil conditions, two field experiments were carried out at the Research and Production Station of the National Research Centre (NRC), Al Nubaria district, El-Behaira Governorate, Egypt during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 winter seasons. The trials aimed to study the effect of humic acid (HA) as low cost natural fertilizer, inoculation with mycorrhiza, and biocharcoal on on yield, quality and water use efficiency of flax variety (Amon) under newly reclaimed sandy soil. The treatments consisted of HA (25 kg/feddan), inoculation with mycorrhiza (1 kg/ feddan), and biochar (4 tons/feddan) and all the combinations among the treatments. Results showed that the treatment combination of (humic acid + mycorrhiza + biochar) was significantly superior compared to all the other treatments in number of capsules/plant, biological yield/plant (g), seed yield/plant (g), seed yield (kg/feddan), straw yield (tons/feddan), oil percent (%), and oil yield (kg/feddan). However, it gave the highest fruiting zone length (cm) but not significantly different from (mycorrhiza + biochar) and (humic acid + biochar), also it gave the highest seed index (g) but not significantly different from humic acid and (humic acid + mycorrhiza). The treatment combination of (humic acid + biochar) gave the highest plant height (cm), technical stem length (cm), and number of branches/plant. B. A. Bakry et al.1428

Abstract.Two field experiments were carried out during growing seasons 2011 and 2012, it executed in research farm of National Research Center in Nubaryia region, Egypt to study the effect of irrigation systems, fertigation rates and using the wastewater of fish farms in irrigation of potato crop under sandy soil conditions. Study factors were irrigation systems (sprinkler irrigation system -SIS‖ and drip irrigation system -DIS), water quality (irrigation water -IW‖ and drainage water of fish farms -DWFF‖) and fertigation rates (FR 1 = 20%, FR 2 = 40%, FR 3 = 60%, FR 4 = 80% and FR 5 = 100% from recommended dose from NPK).The following parameters were studied to evaluate the effect of study factors:(1) Chemical and biological description of drainage water of fish farms. (2) Clogging ratio of emitters (3) Yield of potato, (4) water use efficiency of potato. Statistical analysis of the effect of the interaction between study factors on yield, water use efficiency of potato indicated that, maximum values were obtained of yield of potato under SIS x FR 5 x DWFF, also indicated that, there were no significant differences for yield values under the following conditions: SIS x FR 5 x DWFF > SIS x FR 4 x DWFF > SIS x FR 3 x DWFF > DIS x FR 5 x IW this means that ruse drainage water of fish farming as a new resource for irrigation and rich with organic matter and it can improve soil quality and crops productivity and reduce the total costs of fertilizers by adding minimum doses from minerals fertilizers and sprinkler irrigation system is the best irrigation system which can be used..

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The aim of present work is improving the performance of the crop residues shredder by study of some engineering factors concerning the performance of the affecting tool. The items to achieve the aim of the present study are:(1) Evaluation of shredder performance before development(2)Manufacture of cutting knives from local materials.(3)Shredder performance analysis in cutting of cotton stalks (4)Shredder performance analysis in cutting of rice straw (5)Cost analysis of cutting operation. From the above mentioned study, it can recommend the following points for farmer or producer or user following the mentioned order has all the choices according to the prevailing production conditions;1-The proper selection of new material leads to decrease the sharp edge angle of modified knives to 20 o degree without deformation. 2-Maximum cutting efficiency for cotton stalks was 86.4 % at 1mm clearance distance.,20 o degree knife edge angle and 1600 rpm cutting drum speed.3-Minimum fuel consumption rate for cotton stalks was 2.48 L/h at 1 mm clearance distance, 20 o degree knife edge angle. 4-Maximum machine production for cotton stalks was 1.4 ton/h at following factors:5 mm clearance distance, at 20 o degree knife edge angle and 1600 rpm cutting drum speed.5-Maximum cutting efficiency for rice straw was 45.6 % at 1 mm clearance distance.,20 o degree knife edge angle ,1600 rpm cutting drum speed. 6-Minimum fuel consumption rate for rice straw was 3.51 L/h at 1 mm clearance distance, 20 o degree knife edge angle.7-Maximum machine production for rice straw was 0.99ton/h at following factors: 1 mm clearance distance.,20 o degree knife edge angle 1600 rpm cutting drum speed.8-Cutting operation cost is 27.5 L.E./h.