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GRICULTURAL production is a world spearhead to face hungry crisis and the main part of this facing is agricultural machinery. Agricultural machinery exposed to failure due to wear and corrosion. This leads to a decreasing lifetime of working parts of agricultural machinery. Agricultural machinery contain seedbed preparation machinery, planting machinery, service and protection machinery, harvesting machinery and post-harvest machinery all types of agricultural machinery deals with different soil condition (soil moistures and soil types), plants (different stem diameter, cutting heights and plants moisture), and agricultural chemical (pesticides and chemical fertilizer). There are many studies searching the optimum method to increase the wear resistance of working parts of agricultural machinery. These methods contain the improvement the new material, hardfacing allying, surface coating, and nanocomposite coating. Nanocomposite coating is a new trend to promote surface properties of the different metal used in manufacturing agricultural machinery. This new trend use nanoparticles as reinforcement in the metal matrix and incorporation process lead to super hardness coating with low corrosion rate and low wear rate compared to conventional surface coating materials.

A small-scale wheat cleaning machine was designed to winnow and separate grains from materials-other-than-grains (MOG), such as premature grains and chaff, in order to enhance the quality of grains. It was evaluated technically with respect to assessment criteria: cleanliness, grain loss, chaff rejection, and cleaning efficiency. Experiments were carried out at three levels of sieve slopes (5, 10, and 15°), two sieve reciprocating speeds (0.48 and 0.95 m·s−1), two levels of feed rates (1 and 1.5 kg·min−1), and three air velocities (5, 6 and 7 m·s−1). The results showed that, at sieve reciprocating speed of 0.95 m·s−1, the maximum cleanliness value was – 96.25% – observed at 1.5 kg·min−1 feed rate, 5 m·s−1 air velocity and 5° sieve slope. The minimum cleanliness value – 76.82% – was observed at a feed rate of 1 kg·min−1, 15° sieve slope, 7 m·s−1 air velocity, and 0.48 m·s−1 sieve reciprocating speed. The results showed that the use of either a very low, or a very high sieve slope angle and sieve reciprocating speed while using different air velocities and feed rates is not recommended.

In the last decade, the adoption of fully automated systems in agricultural operations has become an urgent need due to high labor costs and low efficiency. The harvesting process is one of those agricultural activities that require a lot of work in addition to high costs. The study investigates different fully automated harvesting systems for one of the most important crops, medicinal and aromatic plants, especially flowers which are involved in many industries and characterized by high economic importance in the global trade balance of crops. Process technologies that include harvest automation and standardization of the automated system detection problems and accuracy were analyzed and compared. Finally, to solve the various problems that facing the cutting flowers production, it is necessary to accelerate the development of mechanized harvesting, realize the mechanization of information acquisition and standardization in order to advance precision agriculture and agricultural wisdom for the future.