Human population growth and land-use changes raise demand and competition for water resources. The Upper OumErRabia River Basin is experiencing high rangeland and matorral conversion to irrigated agricultural land expansion. Given Morocco's per capita water availability, River-basin hydrologic modelling could potentially bring together agricultural, water resources and conservation objectives. However, not everywhere have hydrological models considered events and continuous assessment of climatic data. In this study, HEC-HMS modelling approach is used to explore the event-based and continuous-process simulation of land-use and land cover change (LULCC) impact on water balance. The use of HEC-GeoHMS facilitated the digital data processing for coupling with the model. The basin's physical characteristics and the hydro-climatic data helped to generate a geospatial database for HEC-HMS model. We analyzed baseline and future scenario changes for the 1980-2016 period using the SCS Curve-Number and the Soil Moisture Accounting (SMA) loss methods. SMA was coupled with the Hargreaves evapotranspiration method. Model calibration focused on reproducing observed basin runoff hydrograph. To evaluate the model performance for both calibration and validation, the Coefficient of determination (R 2), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), Root Mean Square Error (RSR) and Percent Bias (PBIAS) criteria were exploited. The average calibration NSE values were 0.740 and 0.585 for event-based (daily) and continuous-process (annual) respectively. The R 2 , RSR and PBIAS values were 0.624, 0.634 and +16.7 respectively. This How to cite this paper: Msaddek, M., Kimbowa, G. and El Garouani, A. (2020) Hydrological Modeling of Upper Ou-mErRabia Basin (Morocco), Comparative Study of the Event-Based and Continuous-Process HEC-HMS Model Methods.
La présente étude concerne le barrage Hachef (Barrage nommé 9 Avril 1947), mis en service en 1995, situé dans le Rif Occidental Marocain à environ 30 km au sud de la ville de Tanger et 15 km à l’est de la ville d’Asilah. La retenue du barrage d’une capacité utile de 270 millions de m3 reçoit un apport solide de 609 000 tonnes/an à cause de l’érosion des versants favorisée par le déboisement. Des foyers de pollution sont également identifiés dans les régions limitrophes du barrage. Dans le but de préserver et protéger cette ressource destinée à l’alimentation en eau potable de la population des régions voisines, il s’est avéré nécessaire de mettre en place des périmètres de protection. Ceci entraîne également une plus grande rentabilité des investissements et infrastructures réalisés. Dans ce travail, une solution informatisée pour la délimitation des périmètres de protection a été conçue et réalisée. Ainsi, un modèle d’analyse spatiale par le SIG basé sur l’évaluation de la vulnérabilité à la contamination de la ressource a été élaboré. Toutes les données disponibles, aussi bien celles issues de la télédétection que celles du terrain, ont été modélisées et intégrées au sein d’une base de données géographique gérée par un SIG. Dans cette expertise, les différents aspects de la problématique concernant la sauvegarde de la ressource en eau ont été cernés et les besoins des gestionnaires ont été recensés. L’utilisation de cette méthode a permis de délimiter les trois zones de protection autour de la retenue du barrage (zones de protection immédiate, rapprochée et éloignée).Due to the degradation of the quality of Moroccan water resources, it is necessary to set up mechanisms and actions to ensure their conservation and protection. The creation of protection zones is one of the more effective means for establishing this protection. The study region involved the Hachef dam, operating since 1995 and located in the Moroccan Occidental Rif, approximately 30 km south of Tangiers City and 15 km east of Asilah City. The watershed area is 220 km2 with an annual average precipitation of 900 mm. The useful capacity of the dam is 270 million m3. By storing 90 million m3/year in normal years, this dam supplies a water supplement to the existing resources, covering drinking water requirements and irrigation for the region located between Tangiers and Asilah beyond the year 2015.In order to classify the importance of protection from pollution, the watershed was divided into three zones (zones I, II and III), as defined by their distance from the resource to be protected. In the immediate protection zone (zone I), it is necessary to assure protection of the dam against water pollution. The dimension of this zone should allow for appropriate intervention in the event of an accident and also allow for planting of a forest or a zone of protective vegetation. In the next protection zone (zone II), one should assure protection against pollution and other anthropogenic stressors that could threaten the harnessed waters. In zone III, locat...
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