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Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women and the third most common cancer. In this study, we investigated the chemoprevention efficacy of each of soy genistin, selenium or a combination of them against breast cancer. Seventy-five female rats were divided into five groups : control group (I); 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) group (II); DMBA treated with genistin group (III); DMBA treated with selenium group (IV); and DMBA treated with genistin combined with selenium group (V). The treatments were daily administered for 3 months. There were a significant decrease in body weight and serum total antioxidant, while a significant elevation in serum total sialic acid, carcinoembryonic antigen, prolactin, estradiol, nitric oxide, and malondialdhyde of DMBA injected rats compared with control group. Administration of genistin and selenium was associated with decreasing levels of tumorigenicity, endocrine derangement, and oxidative stress. Formation of breast carcinoma in DMBA-induced rats and abnormal changes were ameliorated in the rats treated with genistin/selenium or genistin alone. Supplementation of genistin alone or with selenium provided antioxidant defense with high-potential chemopreventive activity against DMBA-induced mammary tumors more than selenium alone.

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Background: Snake venoms contain mixtures of proteins that have different pathological and pharmaceutical effects. In the present study, we evaluated, in vitro the anti-bacterial activity of Cerastes cerastes (C. cerastes) crude venom. Results revealed it has broad antibacterial activity against S. typhimurium and S. aureus, and resistant to E. coli. In vivo, we analyzed the biochemical and histological effects of the sublethal dose of the venom. 45 Swiss albino mice were divided into 3 groups (15 mice/ group): control group; 1/10 LD50 group and 1/2 LD 50 group. Mice were dissected 48 hours after the injection and blood were collected. CBC, ALT, AST, urea, creatinine, total CPK, and LDH were measured. Histopathological changes induced by the venom in skin, liver, heart and kidney tissues were examined. A significant increase in RBCs in 1/10 LD50 group, while a significant decrease of which in 1/2 LD 50 group was observed. Thrombocytopenia, Leukocytosis and highly significant increase in monocytes were observed in both treated groups during the study. A significant increase was observed for lymphocytes and neutrophils in 1/2 LD 50 group. Serum levels of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, total CPK and LDH were highly increased in both envenomed groups. The histopathological changes in liver, heart, skin and kidney tissues indicated that venom has hemotoxic effect in mice.

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