In vitro antibacterial and bio-histological effects of cerastes cerastes venom on albino mice

Abstract

Background: Snake venoms contain mixtures of proteins that have different pathological and pharmaceutical effects. In the present study, we evaluated, in vitro the anti-bacterial activity of Cerastes cerastes (C. cerastes) crude venom. Results revealed it has broad antibacterial activity against S. typhimurium and S. aureus, and resistant to E. coli. In vivo, we analyzed the biochemical and histological effects of the sublethal dose of the venom. 45 Swiss albino mice were divided into 3 groups (15 mice/ group): control group; 1/10 LD50 group and 1/2 LD 50 group. Mice were dissected 48 hours after the injection and blood were collected. CBC, ALT, AST, urea, creatinine, total CPK, and LDH were measured. Histopathological changes induced by the venom in skin, liver, heart and kidney tissues were examined. A significant increase in RBCs in 1/10 LD50 group, while a significant decrease of which in 1/2 LD 50 group was observed. Thrombocytopenia, Leukocytosis and highly significant increase in monocytes were observed in both treated groups during the study. A significant increase was observed for lymphocytes and neutrophils in 1/2 LD 50 group. Serum levels of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, total CPK and LDH were highly increased in both envenomed groups. The histopathological changes in liver, heart, skin and kidney tissues indicated that venom has hemotoxic effect in mice.

Studies on Venoms of the Egyptian Cobra (Naja Haja), the Horned Viper (Cerastes Cerastes), and the Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera): Comparison Safety Study for 1/10 Ld50

“…They showed marked dilation and congestion of myocardial blood vessels with minor intermuscular hemorrhage in addition to slightly degenerated myocytes in C. cerastes injected groups. This agreed with Shabaan et al (2018) and Shaker et al, (2018) they reported marked dilation and congestion of myocardial blood vessel Also, Al-Mamun et al (2015) found that snake venom induced variable degrees of histopathological alterations in cardiac tissues according to injected dose. In the present study, A. mellifera injected group showed non-significant increase in CPK enzyme, which attenuated activities in A. mellifera group were possibly linked with its antioxidant properties of Melittin that protected and solidified the cell membranes from oxidative stress-initiated damage, which agreed with Sadek et al (2019).…”

“…Also, Tohamy et al (2014) reported an increase in both ALT & AST enzymes in animals treated with 1/2 LD 50 of N. haje, regardless of the differences in injecting route, dose, species and time post-injection. Another study showed el-evation in the ALT & AST levels after snake envenomation, indicating that liver was primary target organ of venom (Shabaan et al, 2018). This was confirmed by some alterations in the liver histological features of injected groups as minor cytoplasmic vacuolization of hypatocytes with macro vascular fatty degeneration and minor focal hepatic hemorrhage (Shaker et al, 2018).…”

Novel NO2 semicarbazone ligand and its metal complexes as VEGFR‐2 inhibitors: Synthesis, spectral characterization, density functional theory calculations, molecular docking, and antimicrobial and antitumor evaluation

“…Electronic spectra were recorded as Nujol mulls and/or solutions in dimethylformamide (DMF) on a Jasco model V-550 UV/Vis spectrophotometer at room temperature. Mercury-300 BB apparatus was used to record the 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (300 MHz) and 13 C NMR (75 MHz) spectra in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-d 6 as a solvent and tetramethylsilane (TMS) (δ) as an internal rference. The magnetic susceptibility measurements were performed with a Johnson Matthey, Alfa product, Model No.…”

“…Pyrano [3,2-c]quinoline derivatives exist in many natural alkaloids [1] and have a diversity of pharmacological activities including antitumor, [2] anticancer, [3] antidiabetic, [4] anti-coronavirus, [5] antihypertensive, [6] antitubercular, [7] antimalarial, [8] antibacterial, [9] antimicrobial, [10] as well as photodiode fabrication, [11] thin films, [12,13] optical applications, [14] and corrosion inhibitors. [15] Metal complexes of ligands containing quinoline moiety have attracted particular interest because of their biological activities.…”

Novel metal complexes with pyrano[3,2‐c]quinoline‐3‐carboxaldehyde: Synthesis, spectroscopic, molecular modeling, QSAR, antimicrobial, and antitumor studies

“…[2] Quinolines represent a large family of heterocyclic compounds which find applications in design of various medicinally important compounds, and hence, much attention has been focused on the synthesis of a diversity of quinoline derivatives. [3] Pyrano [3,2-c] quinoline derivatives have been isolated from a variety of natural alkaloids [4] and have a variety of biological properties, including anticancer, [5,6] antitumor, [7] antimicrobial, [8] antibacterial, [9] antimalarial, [10] antiinflammatory, [11] antioxidant, [12] and antiplasmodial, [13] as well as photodiode fabrication, [14] thin films, [15,16] and optical applications. [17] The biological activities of metal complexes of ligands containing a quinolinone moiety appeared antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, and anticancer properties.…”