РефератВ статье проанализирована роль плодово-ягодного сырья в физиологических процессах питания населения, проживающего на неблагоприятных в экологиче-ском отношении территориях.Ягоды как богатый источник антиоксидантов важно использовать при создании рационов питания населения, проживающего в сложных экологических условиях, вызывающих возникновение окислительного стресса, приводящего к таким нега-тивным последствиям, как развитие болезней и преждевременное старение орга-низма.Изучена динамика антиоксидантной активности плодово-ягодного сырья при хранении в условиях заморозки. Выявлено, что его хранение в течение непродол-жительного срока (от 1 до 3 месяцев) вызывает незначительные изменения, от ко-торых зависят рекомендуемые сроки хранения. Хранение же плодово-ягодного сы-рья дольше 6 месяцев является нецелесообразным ввиду значительного снижения антиоксидантной активности. AbstractThe article analyzes the role of fruit-berry raw materials in the physiological pro-cesses of population nutrition with unfavorable environmental conditions.Berries as an important source of antioxidants is very important to use in the diets of the population living in extreme environmental conditions causing oxidative stress and leading to such negative consequences as the diseases development and premature ageing.Authors scrutinized the antioxidant activity dynamics of fruit and berry raw materials stored under freezing conditions. It is revealed that the storage for short term (1 to 3 months) causes minor changes that affect recom-mended storage time. The fruit and berry raw materials storage for more than 6 months is unreasonable due to the significant antioxidant activity reduction.
In this work, nine varieties of red currant cultivars, recognized for use in the Sverdlovsk Oblast, were studied. According to the conducted analysis, the Epsilon cultivar demonstrated the highest antioxidant indicators (mmol/dm3eq) of 13.772 ±0.275. For comparison, the Ilyinka and Luchezarnaya cultivars showed the values of 12.826 ±0.257 and 11.933±0.239, respectively. The late ripening cultivar Zeta showed the lowest antioxidant value of 6.428±0.129 mmol/dm3eq. At the same time, the highest content of flavonoids was characteristic of such red currant cultivars (mg/100 g of edible part, variety) as Epsilon – 50.3±0.9, Beta – 44.2±0.9, Ogni Urala – 45.7±0.9 and Zeta – 17.3±0.3, while the Lychezarnaya cultivar showed the lowest value of 16.1±0.3. In terms of anthocyanins, the highest values (mg of cyanidin-3-glycoside/100 g of edible part) were observed in the Kapitalina, Ilyinka and Lychezarnaya cultivars, equalling 29.1±0.6, 38.1±0.7 and 41.2±0.8, respectively. The average ripening cultivar Alaya Zorka showed the lowest anthocyanin value of 11.9±0.2. The Kapitalina, Ilyinka and Luchezarnaya cultivars demonstrated the highest amounts of phenolic substances (mg of gallic acid/100 g of edible part) of 212.9±4.3, 235.1±4.7 and 168.3±3.3, respectively. In terms of this indicator, the Beta cultivar showed the lowest value of 114.1±2.3. The consumer characteristics of the cultivars were studied, including their acidity, as well as the content of total and reducing sugars. The obtained results can be used when selecting dietary supplements based on red currant berries and determining the nutritional value of diets in order to increase their overall antioxidant activity.
The article presents research on the development of organoleptically compatible recipes and technologies for hot drinks of the pronounced antioxidant properties based on fruits and berries of varieties growing in the Sverdlovsk region with the addition of English Breakfast black tea, Earl Gray black tea, Tie Guan Yin green tea, Milk Oolong green tea, and Sencha green tea, as well as various brands of tea blends and tea-bags. In addition, we used dried medicinal and technical raw materials and spices. It was found that the values of the antioxidant activity (AOA) of tea bags and tea drinks are in the range from 0.274 to 12.809 mmol-eq/dm3; in the pekoe teas they are in the range from 9.375 to 14.531 mmol-eq/dm3; in the raw materials of plant origin growing in the Sverdlovsk region they are from 0.513 to 8.227 mmol-eq/dm3. The greatest total antioxidant activity has been observed in: Prevoshodnaya sea buckthorn cultivar– 2.204 mmol-eq/dm3; Vladimirskaya cherry variety – 4.971 mmol-eq/dm3; Chernoplodnaya aronia variety – 8.026 mmol-eq/dm3; Globus black currant variety– 8.227 mmol-eq/dm3. According to the research results, the total AOA value for developed hot drinks prepared from fresh fruits and berries was from 13.641 to 20.815 mmol-eq/dm3, and for hot drinks prepared on the basis of Frozen semi-finished product from fruits and berries – from 13.576 to 20.772 mmol-eq/dm3, which is 42-65% of the recommended daily consumption rate in terms of ascorbic acid (ascorbic acid AOA values – 32.024 ± 0.350 mmol – eq/dm3). The developed hot drinks have high values of antioxidant activity, which means that they can increase the amount of antioxidants in the diet of consumers and thereby reduce the negative impact of oxidative stress. The proposed technique of hot drinks manufacturing with the use of frozen semi-finished product allows to increase the rate of technological process significantly.
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