At present, monitoring of air pollution near industrial facilities is one of the most urgent tasks. Its implementation is a requirement of Article 42 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the basis for the ecological wellbeing of the population. This problem is especially critical for the production facilities located within residential areas or in close proximity to them. The scientific article presents the results of a monitoring study of the air pollution in a residential area exposed to the negative impact of the storage of primary oil refining waste. Within the frames of the scientific research, the analysis of the stock materials of the enterprise was conducted; field observation was performed on the territory of the considered enterprise and the construction of ecological cartographic models was carried out, reflecting the level of the air pollution in the territory under consideration. The study also carried out a literary review and presented a list of the main existing technologies for the utilization of oil sludge to improve the quality of the air in the region under consideration.
Nowadays the waste management is one of the most pressing problems in the industry of mineral resources extraction and processing. The main method of waste disposal is storage on the surface of the Earth in the form of anthropogenic arrays. Anthropogenic arrays have an integrated and long-term impact on the atmospheric air. In this regard, the need for continuous monitoring of the state of atmospheric air in order to identify the main sources of dust emission and their quick elimination acquires particular relevance. This task can be performed by automating the existing system of industrial environmental monitoring. The article touches upon the issues of the implementation of the task of continuous monitoring of the dust content of atmospheric air in the areas of the anthropogenic arrays impact. The structure of the automated system of industrial environmental monitoring for the rapid detection of sources of intense dust emission, their ranking by the degree of potential danger and the measures for their timely elimination are proposed.
The monitoring of the environmental components condition, exposed to the influence of the cement production enterprises, was the aim of the conducted research. One of the largest cement production factories in Russia, where the territory of negative impact has a total area of over 300 square kilometers, was the object of the study. The observations of the dust content in atmospheric air, as well as the determination of degradation degree of vegetation in the area of influence of the considered production facility were conducted. Chemical and granulometric composition of the cement dust, which is emitted in atmospheric air, were identified in the laboratory. Mapping model, which indicates the complex ecological welfare of the territory, exposed to the cement production industry, was compiled by the authors on the basis of the data, obtained in conducted research. The mapping model takes into account both the content of dust in near-ground atmosphere, and the extent of its deposition to soil, vegetation and surface water bodies.
Assessment of the negative impact on the components of the natural environment during the scheduled and repair outages of gas-compressor units in transportation the process of the natural gas was the purpose of the performed scientific work. The results of the monitoring studies, in which the methane concentrations were measured in the atmospheric air near the source of pollution and on the border of the sanitary protection zone during volley emissions of natural gas into the atmosphere, are presented in the article. In addition, a method that eliminates the release of the natural gas into the atmosphere during the scheduled and repair outages of gas-compressor units are suggested in the article. The method is based on the redistribution of gas flows and the direction of natural gas to the gas distribution station. Volley emissions of methane into the atmosphere will completely eliminated as a result of implementing this method. The proposed technical solution is aimed at reducing the negative impact on atmospheric air near gas compressor stations. Moreover, the proposed method is able to minimize the economic damage to gas companies because of the loss of marketable products.
The research is devoted to assessing the negative impact of the amber-succinite deposit in the Kaliningrad region as one of the sources of complex pollution of the Baltic Sea waters. The Baltic Sea is one of the most polluted water bodies in Europe today. There are many natural and anthropogenic factors that cause this ecological situation. Industry is one of the significant contributors to the pollution of the waters of the Baltic Sea. The industrial wastewater discharged into the Baltic Sea often does not comply with the state ecological standards. The wastewater disposal system modernization by creating a recycled water supply is one of the most effective ways to reduce the negative impact of industrial wastewater on the Baltic Sea ecosystem nowadays. This technological solution allows to significantly reduce or to completely prevent the discharge of wastewater into the Baltic Sea.
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