Aim: Our objective was to evaluate the effect of bypass nutrients i.e. bypass lysine, methionine and fat on growth and nutritional efficiency in growing Jaffrabadi buffalo heifers aged 21 to 27 months.Materials and Methods: Twenty buffalo heifers were divided into four groups of equal number: control group (T1), bypass fat supplementation (T2), bypass lysine and methionine supplementation (T3) and bypass lysine, methionine and fat supplementation (T4). The feeds were analyzed for proximate constituents. Body measurements (body length, body height, heart girth, body girth, pelvic length and pelvic width) as well as body weights (kg) of individual animals were recorded at the beginning and thereafter at every fifteen day interval throughout the experimental period. Feed conversion ratio was determined in terms of dry matter required per kg gain in body weight under different treatments.Results: The total weight gain and average daily body weight gain during the experiment was highest in T4 followed by T2, which differed significantly (P<0.05) from that of T1. Biometric changes were uniform in all the experimental groups and the changes were positive. Heifers under the present experimental condition, gained biometry considerably though not significantly. Treatment differences were significant (P<0.05) for average value of percent dry matter intake but no significant differences were found between treatments for average daily dry matter intake and dry matter intake per kg metabolic body weight. The efficiency of feed utilization was best in T4 followed by T2, T3 and T1 groups but the treatment differences were statistically non significant (P>0.05). Conclusion:Incorporation of bypass nutrients (lysine, methionine and fat) in the ration of growing Jaffrabadi heifers improved live weight gain, dry matter intake (kg/day), dry matter intake per kg metabolic weight and feed conversion ratio (DMI/kg body weight gain).
Aim:This study was carried out to evaluate groundnut haulms (GNH) as alternate feed source by its incorporation and assessment in terms of feed intake and growth performance in the diets of broilers.Materials and Methods:A total of 240 1-day-old Cobb-400 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments each with three replicates (n=60). Experimental Birds in group T1 were fed with conventional feed while birds in T2, T3, T4 were fed containing 2%, 4%, and 6% of GNH replacing maize and soyabean on iso-nitrogenous basis.Results:Feed intake increases significantly (p>0.05) with increasing level of GNH in the diets of experimental birds. Highest feed intake was recorded in T4 (6% GNH), followed by T3 (4% GNH) than T2 (2% GNH) and T1 (control). Birds fed GNH gained significantly (p<0.05) higher body weight than birds fed the control diet. Birds in T4 [6% GNH] gained highest body weight, followed by T3 (4% GNH) than T2 (2% GNH) and T1 (control). However, feed conversion ratio (FCR) remained non-significant for all treatment groups.Conclusion:On the basis of the results of this study, it is concluded that supplementation of GNH can successfully replace costly ingredients like maize and soybean meal in the diets of broiler birds up to the level of 6 percent of concentrate mixture without any harmful effects on feed intake, growth and FCR.
Aim: Our objective was to estimate in-vitro gas production from dry jowar fodder added with different concentrations of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFEs) like neutral cellulase and fungal xylanase. Materials and Methods:34 different samples of dry jowar fodder were prepared according to different concentrations of neutral cellulase, fungal xylanase and neutral cellulase + fungal xylanase (1:1). Sample not containing any enzymes was considered as the control group. These 34 samples were subjected to further in vitro gas production analysis.Results: Statistically, significantly higher (P<0.05) potential gas production was recorded for 0.7 % at 6 hr period, 0.7 % at 12 hr period, 0.7 %, 0.8 % at 18 hr period and 0.7 %, 0.8 % at 24 hr period in the samples treated with neutral cellulase. Significantly higher potential gas production was recorded for 0.5 %, 0.8 % at 6 hr period, 0.5 %, 0.6 %, 0.8 % at 12 hr period, 0.8 % at 18 hr period and 0.5 %, 0.6 %, 0.8 % at 24 hr period in the samples treated with fungal xylanase. Significantly higher potential gas production was recorded for 0.6 %, 0.6 %, 0.8 % at 6 hr period, 0.6 %, 0.8 % at 12 hr period, 0.6 %, 0.8 % at 18 hr period and 0.6 %, 0.8 % at 24 hr period in the samples treated with mixture of neutral cellulase + fungal xylanase (1:1). Conclusion:Addition of neutral cellulase and fungal xylanase into the samples of dry jowar fodder increased in vitro total potential gas production. EFEs increase substrate degradation and there by improve the nutritive value of dry jowar fodder.
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