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SUMMARYKnowledge of shale poromechanical behavior is proven to be essential for various environmental issues such as deep geological storage of CO 2 , high level radioactive waste storage, oil field abandonment and so forth. . . This paper sets out the key points of shale experimental characterization within the framework of Biot's mechanics of fluid saturated porous solids. Shales are well known to present a more or less transverse isotropy. This paper describes a full methodology for oedometric tests on such sensitive and weakly permeable material. To illustrate this methodology, measurements carried out on Tournemire argillite are proposed. A transverse isotropic poroelastic model is also used to give a more in depth understanding of the hydromechanical coupling.