The aim of the study was to obtain physiological, biochemical and zootechnical data confirming the effective use of the antioxidant dihydroethoxychine to increase productivity in laying hens. The experiment was carried out on 2 groups of laying hens of the breeding herd, selected by 100 heads by random sampling. For 41 days, the chickens of the experimental group received a basic diet with the addition of dihydroethoxychine (DGE) in the amount of 100 mg/kg of feed. On the 25th day of the experiment, blood samples (n=5) were taken for biochemical studies. In the experimental group, the concentration of cholesterol in the fraction of high-density lipoproteins increased twofold (P<0.01) and in the fraction of low-density lipoproteins decreased by almost 50% (P<0.01) against the control. The concentration of MDA in the blood of chickens in the experimental group was 82.00% relative to that in the control, and in the yolk of the egg - only 37.42 %. Egg production of chickens in the experimental group was higher than in the control by 7.3% (P<0.1). Hatchability of chickens in the experimental group increased by 14.6% (P<0.01) relative to control. It was concluded that the tested water-soluble antioxidant has a positive effect on the biological functions and productive parameters of laying hens.
The specificity of post-mortem redox processes in pork with the development of PSS (Porcine Stress Syndrome), which is the syndrome of pig stress, is considered. Pre-slaughter stress leads to the increased breakdown of glycogen, a slight decrease in the pH of muscle tissue during autolysis and a significant pH shift to the acidic side. To study the physicochemical parameters of muscle tissue after deboning, samples of the longest muscle were taken at the level of 9–12 thoracic vertebrae, 400 g of each half-carcass. Changes in the pH of meat in the experimental groups correlated with the indicators of volatile fatty acids (VFA), which considered the indicator of meat quality. The level of VFA in the group with a dosage of 10 mg/kg of lithium ascorbate was 3.07 % lower than in the control. We also recorded the higher pH values in the first experimental group (by 3 % relative to the control group).When the pH balance shifted to the acidic side, the acidosis occurs, which negatively affected muscle contraction in living organisms. In post-slaughter period the acidosis prevented the contraction of muscle fibers, which increased the organoleptic quality of meat products. The lithium ascorbate prevented the activation of metabolic processes under the action of catecholamines and reduced the level of organic acids in muscle fibers with increasing the stress resistance. The use of lithium ascorbate as a stress protector could reduce these negative effects and increase the organoleptic quality. We suggested to include lithium ascorbate in a standard diet in a dosage of 10 mg/kg of the body weight during the entire feeding period. The presented scheme of lithium ascorbate usage will allow achieving the best organoleptic and physicochemical qualities of pig meat products.
Health and productivity of ruminants directly depend on the state of rumen and digestion in intestinal tract. Normal microflora protects the body from pathogenic microbes, stimulates the immune system, participates in metabolic reactions and plays an important role in energy metabolism. Disturbance of species composition of microflora in rumen under effect of various factors leads to a state of dysbiosis, disorders of products digestibility, changes in enzymatic processes and other disorders. Biologically active substances of an adaptogenic nature can show immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activity. Adaptogen lithium ascorbate has stress-protective, neurotrophic, neuroprotective, antioxidant, immunomodulatory properties. In this paper, using molecular genetic methods, the effect of lithium ascorbate on composition of rumen microbiota of sheep was studied for the first time. Composition of microbiota was determined by NGS sequencing method. In total, 37 phylums, 76 classes, 98 orders, 225 families and 894 species of microorganisms were identified. It has been determined that introduction of lithium ascorbate at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight into the main diet of sheep contributed to increase in proportion of cellulolytic bacteria from 73.6±1.6% to 75.4±0.9% and over 40% decrease in total number of infusoria in rumen content. Cellulolytic activity of rumen fluid in sheep of the experimental group increased by 38% compared to the animals of the control group. The number of pathogenic bacteria decreased from 2.7% in sheep of the control group to 1.6% in animals of the experimental group, while the content of beneficial bacilli increased from 0.3% to 0.5%, respectively. Content of undesirable and conditionally pathogenic microflora decreased in the sheep of experimental group. The obtained data confirm positive effect of adaptogen lithium ascorbate, introduced into diet at a dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight, on qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota in sheep rumen. Therefore, lithium ascorbate, a broad-spectrum adaptogen, can be recommended as a feed additive to the main diet of sheep to improve rumen digestion and increase productivity.
This research is aimed at the influence of different doses of lithium ascorbate on pigs’ diet estimation, at farrowing sows’ antioxidant status increase, and at lipid peroxidation product level decrease. The research was conducted in farrowing sows of the Irish landrace breed during the second farrow. Three groups of animals were formed, with ten livestock units in each. Thirty days after successful insemination, the sows of the E10, E5 and E2 experimental groups started receiving lithium ascorbate powder together with feed stuff in dosages of 10, 5 and 2 mg/kg of body weight, respectively. Their weighing and biochemical examinations were performed before the substance introduction as well as on the 60th and 110th days of pregnancy. The following were detected in sows’ blood plasma: malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, SH/SS ratio, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity. Lithium ascorbate usage during sows’ breeding cycle caused a significant increase in SH (reduced glutathione) level by 21% (p < 0.05), SS (oxidized glutathione) level decrease by 17% (p < 0.05), and malondialdehyde level decrease by 60% (p < 0.05). These data outline antioxidant defense system activization, reducing the risk of oxidative stress under the influence of feeding with lithium ascorbate. Lithium ascorbate in dosages of 10 mg/kg per body weight given together with feed stuff shows prominent adaptogene and stress protective features in the most effective way. The research conducted regarding lithium ascorbate usage for farrowing sows can reduce the negative consequences of oxidative stress, increase sows’ health preservation level, and contribute to fertility boost.
Изучен метаболизм азотсодержащих соединений в организме телят-молочников и бычков на откорме при включении в рационы кормовой добавки N-карбомилглутамат (NCG). Введение в основной рацион NCG приводит к снижению уровня свободного аммиака в плазме крови телят-молочников в 2 раза относительно контрольной группы. У молодняка на откорме в опытных группах концентрация аммиака в плазме крови была меньше на 20,9% в 1 группе и на 54,2% во II группе. При этом в опытной группе телят-молочников зафиксировано повышение прироста массы тела на 5,01% по сравнению с контролем. Введение кормовой добавки NCG способствовало переводу токсичного аммиака из плазмы крови, вследствие активизации орнитинового цикла в клетках печени и стенке рубца с образованием избытка карбомоилфосфата и синтеза эндогенного аргинина. Экзогенный аргинин из корма может быть заменен на NCG в рационе у жвачных животных. Добавление NCG в корм или ЗЦМ позволит улучшить утилизацию аммиака, повысить эффективность использования белка рациона, устойчивость к стрессам и будет являться фактором повышения продуктивности молодняка крупного рогатого скота. The influence of the metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds in the body of dairy calves and calves on fattening was studied when the feed additive N-carbomylglutamate (NCG) was included in the diets. The introduction of the NCG feed supplement into the main diet leads to a decrease in the level of free ammonia in the blood plasma of dairy calves by 2 times compared to the control group. In fattened calves in the experimental groups, the concentration of ammonia in the blood plasma was less by 20.9% in group 1 and by 54.2% in group II. At the same time, in the experimental group of dairy calves, an increase in body weight gain was recorded by 5.01% compared to the control. The introduction of the feed additive NSP contributed to the transfer of toxic ammonia from the blood plasma, due to the activation of the ornithine cycle in the liver cells and the scar wall with the formation of an excess of carbomoylphosphate and the synthesis of endogenous arginine. Exogenous arginine from feed can be replaced with NCG in the diet of ruminants. The addition of NCG to feed or ZCM will improve the utilization of ammonia, increase the efficiency of the use of protein in the diet, resistance to stress, and will be a factor in increasing the productivity of young cattle.
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