The a 3P0-y 3D10 Ti I transition at 592.2 nm was investigated by using a hollow-cathode discharge. Sub-Doppler resolution was obtained by combining optogalvanic detection with saturation spectroscopy and the non-linear Hanle effect. The upper state Lande factor was also determined by Zeeman intermodulated spectroscopy.
The observation of current in the afterglow of the discharge in a pulsed hollow-cathode lamp illuminated by tunable lasers, combined with optogalvanic techniques, provides a simple and reliable tool for multi-step photoionization spectroscopy studies. A three-photon photoionization spectroscopy study was performed in a uranium hollow-cathode lamp, using this combination of techniques. Single-, double-and triple-frequency photoionization paths were identified for uranium, in the range between 5900 and 6060 Å.
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