Treatment and further utilization of wastewater sludge are the important city service problem. The paper presents an efficient method of super high frequency irradiation for communal liquid waste such as wastewater sludge. The effect of microwaves on the properties of sediments, including the outlet of heavy metal ions in to water, is shown. Technical and economic indexes and results of experimental researches, indicating the opportunities of microwave irradiation in processes of sediments heating, are presented. The influence on sludge temperature of some technological SHF parameters has been studied. Because of statistic analyze, a regression polynomial equation describing the heating of sludge mixture has been obtained. The microwave and electro thermal processing of municipal liquid waste taken from a city’s wastewater plants have been compared. Energy efficient economy of microwave irradiation using for municipal wastewater sediments have been confirmed.
The biological wastewater treatment problem of the small villages located in the Arctic zone is considered. The purpose of this research is to study the alternative wastewater treatment method in Northern settlements. Standard research methods were used: gravimetric and photometric methods of liquid analysis to achieve this goal. This article presents the physical-chemical wastewater treatment method, consisted of coagulation proses, oxidation, sand and sorption filtration. As a result of the laboratory research, the effects of pollutants removal are 96.6% (COD), 82.4% (ammonium) and 97.1% (nitrates). These effects were achieved by the technological scheme that includes a coagulation, two-stage sequential oxidation with potassium permanganate and ozone, and intermediate filtration too. The brands of coagulant and flocculant were selected, as well as their optimal doses.
Purification of wastewater from petroleum products is an urgent problem for the Tyumen province as an oil and gas region. The use of natural materials is actively studied in the technologies of sorption cleaning which is the main method for oil pollution removal. One of these new technologies is the wastewater treatment method with the use of probiotic agents. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of probiotics on the degree of dissolved petroleum products extraction from aqueous solutions by phytosorbent (pine sawdust). The photometric method of liquid analysis was used as a standard method of research. As a result of the sorption process study, it was found that the concentration of petroleum products decreased faster and to a minimum value (by 48.68%) when filtering samples through a layer of sawdust soaked in a probiotic solution, which is 2 times more effective than pure sawdust. The sorbent used is environmentally friendly.
The article considers the main problems associated with the oily wastewater treatment. The use of vegetable raw materials for the production of oil sorbents makes it possible to obtain a cost-effective material and solve the problem of waste disposal. The task of searching for optimal methods of phytosorbents modification in order to improve their characteristics is posed. The authors give the description and present the results of the experiment on the modification of sorbents using microwave radiation and solutions of citric and acetic acids. There were determined the main sorption parameters for native and modified samples: oil capacity, sorption capacity under static and dynamic conditions. The conclusion about the practical application of the investigated phytosorbents in wastewater treatment technologies from dissolved oil products was made.
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