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Аннотация. Статья посвящена анализу опыта организации инженерно-технологического обучения школьников. Описаны подходы различных регионов и образовательных организаций к созданию инженерных классов. Анализируются особенности организации образовательного процесса в инженерном классе. Особое внимание уделено теоретическим и практическим вопросам организации практикумов. Представлен опыт Московского государственного технического университета им. Н.Э. Баумана и Московского государственного областного университета, намечены перспективы сотрудничества. Ключевые слова: инженерно-технологическое обучение, инженерный класс, практикум.

The article considers the urgent problem of finding new highly effective methods for dispersing suspensions prepared using nanomaterials (boehmite, graphene, nanotubes). Based on comparative experimental data, it is shown that the ultra-jet treatment method has several advantages. For experiments, standard equipment for waterjet cutting of materials was used. A single crystal of diamond was used as a target for a high-speed nanosized suspension, the fastening of which was carried out in special technological equipment, which also performs the functions of collecting the treated liquid. The experimental results showed that the particle size after ultra-jet treatment exceeds the result of the traditional method of homogenization – ultrasonic treatment. An important result of the research was the establishment of the fact that the homogenization process begins at the stages of the passage of the nanosuspension through the focusing tube, and not only in the process of collision of the ultrajet liquid with the barrier.

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The article discusses the task of assessing the damage of carbon fibre plastics arising from the destructive effect of radiation using the diagnostic capabilities of ultra-jet technology. A technique is proposed for determining the thickness of a carbon fibre package that can protect an imaginary interior from the negative effects of radiation waves. As informative diagnostic parameters in the method, the geometrical dimensions of the cavern created on the surface of the sample following exposure to a high-speed jet of liquid (water) are used. Based on the results of the experiments, it was found that a decrease in the depth value indicates a decrease in the penetrating effect of radiation and the destruction of the binder in the structure of the composite material.

The article discusses the problem of increasing the strength of concrete through the use of a suspension based on nanomodified additives with boehmite, graphene and carbon nanotubes. The lack of high performance and efficient dispersion methods limits the possibilities for nanomodification of building materials. Therefore, the research topic associated with assessing the possibility of developing means and methods for dispersing hydrocomposites containing nanoparticles is relevant. The suspensions were treated with ultra-jet treatment. Nano-containing suspensions were studied using a Microtrac Bluewave laser particle size analyzer. The analysis results were the average particle sizes in terms of quantitative and volumetric distributions, as well as the minimum recorded particle size in the samples. The results of compressive strength tests of a batch of concrete samples are presented. It is shown that the use of nanomodified additives leads to an increase in concrete strength.