Photoacoustic experiments were carried out in two ceramic compounds to present a promising way to study relaxor materials. This technique has been shown to have some advantages in the investigation of phase transitions in a variety of materials. We use the temperature-dependent data of both dielectric and photoacoustic responses from the ceramic compound Bi4−xRxTi3O12, with Rx=Pr, x=0 and 1.6, to illustrate this work. We establish definitely that Bi4Ti3O12 is a relaxor.
Ln: Pr, Nd, Gd, Dy). -The title compounds are prepared by solid state reaction of mixtures of Bi2O3, TiO2, and Nd2O3, Pr6O11, Gd2O3, or Dy2O3 (900°C, 19 h). The samples are characterized by powder XRD, SEM, and impedance spectroscopy. They exhibit layered orthorhombic structures. The conductivity diminishes as the size of Ln increases. The rare earth concentration determines the ferroelectric characteristics of the compounds: for small x values they behave as typical ferroelectrics, but all of them tend to become relaxors with increasing x. -(PINEDA-FLORES*, J. L.; CHAVIRA, E.; REYES-GASGA, J.; GONZALEZ, A. M.; HUANOSTA-TERA, A.; J. Eur.
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