This article describes such constructive units of domestic snowmobiles as gasoline engines, layout schemes and types of platforms, caterpillar propulsions unit and caterpillars, front and rear suspension, steering, transmission and brake systems.
The complex natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZ of the RF) make it necessary to put forward special requirements for all types of ground equipment used to solve transport problems in this region. At present, the increase in economic costs in the operation of machinery is primarily due to the mismatch of the design of the vehicles used in the climatic zone. A set of measures for land transport that allows to ensure the socio-economic development of the AZ RF.The complex natural and climatic conditions of the AZ of the RF make it necessary to put forward special requirements for all types of ground equipment used to solve transport problems in this region. At present, the increase in economic costs in the operation of machinery is primarily due to the mismatch of the design of the vehicles used in the climatic zone.It should be noted that along with the design problems, the road network of the AZ of the RF is very poorly developed. So, on the territory of 13,9 million square km (80% of the territory of the country), the total length of the public highway network is only 200 thousand km, of which roads with hard cover -81 thousand km, ground 118 thousand km and «winter roads» 7 thousand km. Roads with solid capital coverings, allowing a load on the axis of 10 tons, no more than 8,5 thousand km.These circumstances entail a significant increase in transportation costs in the region, which in turn cause:-Increase in the cost of construction of industrial, power and transportation facilities; -Increasing the cost of mining; -the complication of the delivery of passengers and goods to remote settlements and objects of the national economy.It is obvious that the introduction of new roads in the Arctic zone will lead to improved transport accessibility, and in the long run, to the creation of new jobs, which will be conditioned by the need for the development of an accompanying infrastructure. This is proved, in particular, by the increase of cargo flows in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) after the commissioning of new highways and "winter roads" against the background of a decrease in the volume of traffic by river transport caused by shallowing of rivers.
Abstract.The article presents the definition of оff-road vehicles and examines the main areas of its application. The classification of off-road vehicle according to the conditions of use and load capacity is given. The types and composition of support-running systems that determine the constructive appearance of off-road vehicle are considered. The key problems in the development of off-road vehicle are identified. A number of requirements have been formulated for the perspective designs of off-road vehicle. The main ways of creating competitive off-road vehicles in the Russian Federation are determined.Off-road vehicles-ground vehicles for transportation of the passengers under the conditions of poor network and absence of the roads. Apply of off-road vehicle: transport accessibility of the population; the provision of goods and services (medical, energy, information, etc.); wildlife management (Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Natural Resources of the RF
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