V ascular remodeling involves changes for the whole-vessel circumference and crucially determines lumen caliber 1 in physio(patho)logical situations, such as shear-stress responses, restenosis postangioplasty, 1-3 or native atherosclerosis. 1,4 Moreover, cellular mechanisms governing conductance vessel remodeling are likely shared by small-vessel remodeling, for example, in hypertension.5 Despite such relevance, mechanisms of vessel remodeling are not well known. The identification of endothelium 6 and nitric oxide 7 dependency of shear-induced remodeling raised possible mediator roles of redox processes, as indeed supported by many subsequent studies. 3,8 We showed previously that superoxide dismutase underactivity favors constrictive remodeling after injury (AI), whereas exogenous replenishment of SOD3(ecSOD) rescued bioactive nitric oxide from inducible NO synthase and normalized vessel caliber by counteracting constrictive remodeling rather than neointimal growth. 3 The randomized clinical trial Multivitamins and Probucol Study showed that the antioxidant probucol significantly prevented restenosis postballoon angioplasty, essentially by preventing constrictive remodeling rather than neointima formation. 9Such redox-responsiveness is in line with the importance of redox pathways in cytoskeletal dynamics 10 and extracellular matrix organization, 11 which are both crucially involved in vessel remodeling. However, molecular determinants of such redox signaling pathways remain unclear.Abstract-Whole-vessel remodeling critically determines lumen caliber in vascular (patho)physiology, and it is reportedly redox-dependent. We hypothesized that the cell-surface pool of the endoplasmic reticulum redox chaperone protein disulfide isomerase-A1 (peri/epicellular=pecPDI), which is known to support thrombosis, also regulates disease-associated vascular architecture. In human coronary atheromas, PDI expression inversely correlated with constrictive remodeling and plaque stability. In a rabbit iliac artery overdistension model, there was unusually high PDI upregulation (≈25-fold versus basal, 14 days postinjury), involving both intracellular and pecPDI. PecPDI neutralization with distinct anti-PDI antibodies did not enhance endoplasmic reticulum stress or apoptosis. In vivo pecPDI neutralization with PDI antibodycontaining perivascular gel from days 12 to 14 post injury promoted 25% decrease in the maximally dilated arteriographic vascular caliber. There was corresponding whole-vessel circumference loss using optical coherence tomography without change in neointima, which indicates constrictive remodeling. This was accompanied by decreased hydrogen peroxide generation. Constrictive remodeling was corroborated by marked changes in collagen organization, that is, switching from circumferential to radial fiber orientation and to a more rigid fiber type. The cytoskeleton architecture was also disrupted; there was a loss of stress fiber coherent organization and a switch from thin to medium thickness actin fibers, all leading to...
The present research, of quantitative nature, is an experimental-documentary research whose objective was to study the impact of the use of the blended learning methodology in a group of students of the second year of High School of the Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of São Paulo-IFSP, Campus Jacareí in the discipline of Physics. For that, a Virtual Learning Environment (AVA) was developed, using the MOODLE software, which made available to the students of the investigated class different resources and activities that could be accessed through a computer connected to the Internet. Among these resources and activities we can mention: texts, videos, simulations, lessons, solved exercises, demonstrations of experiments, lists of exercises with immediate feedback and forums. The intention was to evaluate if the integration between classroom and online education, making the educational action more personalized, would be more effective for students' learning than the traditional teaching practices anchored in the expository methodology. In order to evaluate the educational impact of the methodology used, we compared the students' performance by means of the final average of the first two months of the 2018 school year with the results obtained by the same group when they were submitted to the traditional teaching methodology during the first two months of the previous year. We also analyzed the students' interaction with the MOODLE AVA to verify if the students who interacted the most with the available resources were the ones that obtained the best performance. The data were treated statistically by the t-student and Pearson coefficient tests and point to the existence of significant evidence of contribution of the Hybrid Teaching methodology, not only in the cognitive domain but also in the affective domain, leading students to a higher motivation and autonomy.
O presente artigo irá apresentar a compostagem como estratégia ecológica no tratamento de resíduos orgânicos do Lar Escola Santa Verônica, situada no município de Taubaté-SP. Tendo como tema gerador a grande produção de restos alimentares da instituição, e o destino final o aterro sanitário, uma vez que sua capacidade é finita. Foi proposto uma solução no tratamento dos resíduos orgânicos, através da compostagem. Essa técnica é capaz de trazer benefícios em nível de economia e de enriquecimento do produto final que retornará ao meio ambiente. Utilizou-se a metodologia de aprendizagem baseado em problemas (PBL). Foram realizados 8 encontros, onde participaram pesquisadores e alunos. Nesses encontros foram abordadas as questões ambientais, qualidade de vida e matemáticas pertinentes as questões de unidade e medida para a construção das composteiras. O estudo permitiu a produção de composto orgânico, evitando-se significativamente a destinação de resíduos ao aterro sanitário. Acredita- se que com ações educativas, pesquisa e projetos relacionados a sustentabilidade e educação ambiental, a compostagem contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de práticas sustentáveis e ecologicamente corretas.
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