Introduction:Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (previously called testicular feminization) is specified by a 46 XY karyotype and negative sex chromatin, bilateral undescended testes, female genitalia appearance, and lack of mullerian derivatives.Case Presentation:A 28-year-old woman with complete (severe) androgen resistance underwent prophylactic laparoscopic bilateral gonadectomy because of the eventually increased risk of gonadal malignancy. Although the gonads appeared grossly normal, microscopic examination revealed bilateral well differentiated sertoli–leydig cell tumor (SLCT).Discussion:Our Medline search revealed that this is the first reported case of bilateral sertoli–leydig cell tumor (SLCT) in androgen insensitivity syndrome.
BackgroundPostoperative pain is one of the most prevalent and bothersome issues found in the surgical department. Nowadays, there are various methods of acupuncture used for relieving pain without the complications found in some routine postoperative analgesics. These methods could be especially useful for high risk patients prone to complications from analgesics, such as transplantation recipients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of electro-acupuncture on postoperative pain control after inguinal surgeries.MethodsNinety male patients, who were referred to our department with indications of inguinal surgery, were included in the study and randomly divided into two groups, such as acupuncture and control. We used electro-acupuncture for the acupuncture group and no actual acupuncture (but placed needle electrodes similar to the acupuncture group) for the control group. Postoperative pain was quantified by a blind observer in both groups using a visual analogue scale (VAS) standard score before being compared.ResultsPain intensity and analgesic use were significantly higher in the control group (P < 0.05). In the acupuncture group, the VAS pain scores were significantly lower than the control group at 0.5, 1 and 2 hours post operation. When the opioid related side effects were compared for each group, the results showed that the number of subjects who experienced dizziness in the acupuncture group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAcupuncture in patients, after inguinal surgery, can reduce the need of analgesics, which also directly reduces the complications that may occur when analgesics are used in relieving pain postoperatively.
Erectile dysfunction is a man's persistent or recurrent inability to achieve and maintain erection for a satisfactory sexual relationship. As diabetes is a major risk factor for erectile dysfunction, the prevalence of erectile dysfunction among diabetic men has been reported as 35% to 90%. This randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigated the effects of a topical saffron (Crocus sativus L) gel on erectile dysfunction in diabetic men. Patients were randomly allocated to 2 equal groups (with 25 patients each). The intervention group was treated with topical saffron, and the control received a similar treatment with placebo. The 2 groups were assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire before the intervention and 1 month after the intervention. Compared to placebo, the prepared saffron gel could significantly improve erectile dysfunction in diabetic patients (P < .001). This preliminary evidence suggests that saffron can be considered as a treatment option for diabetic men with erectile dysfunction.
Four genotypically distinct strains of L. major collected from persons residing in different endemic areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran were evaluated in BALB/c mice. Parasite virulence was evaluated by measuring the parasite burden in the lymph nodes. Immunogenicity of the strains was assessed by analysis of cytokines mRNA expression levels in popliteal lymph nodes of the mice in early (3, 16, 40 h) and late (week 1, W3, W5 and W8) time periods after infection. The expression of cytokines mRNA, namely Ifng, Il2,Il4,Il10 and Il12, was quantitated by real-time PCR. The lowest and the highest parasite loads were induced by Damghan (2·15 × 10⁷) and Shiraz (9·59 × 10⁹) strains, respectively. Moreover, Damghan strain elicited higher expression levels of Ifng and Il2 mRNA and the highest ratio of Ifng/Il4 mRNA expression compared with the other strains at 40 h and 8 weeks post-infection. The results indicate that the inoculation of BALB/c mice with different strains induced high diversity in parasite burden and cytokines gene expression. Amongst the four strains, Damghan strain showed the lowest parasite load and the highest tendency to induce expression of Th1 cytokines gene and might be considered as a safe and immunogenic strain.
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common forms of malignancies and the second cause of cancer death all around the world and the eight causes in Iran. The main portion of PC is adenocarcinoma, in some cases neuroendocrine differentiation occurs. Neuroendocrine prostate cancers (NePCs) incidence varies from 0.5% to 2% of all prostate cancers. Large cell neuroendocrine differentiation is very rare. In this study we presented a 71-year-old man with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate.
Background:Premature ejaculation is one of the most problems in clinical practice. The association between varicocele and premature ejaculation was poorly understood. The effects of varicocelectomy on premature ejaculation in varicocele patient was studied.Objectives:The aim of this study was to determine the impacts of varicocelectomy on patients with both premature ejaculation and varicoceles.Patients and Methods:This was a clinical trial study, conducted on 124 patients (20-35 years old), with varicoceles and premature ejaculation (PE), since March 2011 to April 2013. Inguinal and sub inguinal varicocelectomy were performed for them. All patients had both impairment of spermiogram and PE. These patients were followed up for about 2 years and evaluated for PE, in addition to parameters of spermiogram, before and after the surgery.Results:A total number of 124 patients with varicoceles and PE were enrolled into the study. Following the surgery 46 patients (37%) were fully treated (P < 0.001), 78 patients (63%) had improvements in PE symptoms changed to early ejaculation (P < 0.05) and 89 patients (72%) had improved parameters of spermiogram (P < 0.002).Conclusions:In a significant number of patients who had clinical varicocele and not well responded to medical treatments for PE, varicocelectomy could effectively improve PE and spermiogram parameters.
Infertility is a health concern affecting more than 186 million people globally, and male factors play a role in almost half of cases. Recently, the possible impact of vitamin D on male reproduction has become the center of attention. Our study intended to assess the correlation between serum vitamin D concentrations with sperm parameters and sex hormones in infertile Iranian men compared to fertile men. This cross-sectional study was performed among the 114 couples who were referred to the Urology Clinic of Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad, Iran. According to the inclusion criteria, 57 patients were entered into the infertility group, and 57 cases entered into the fertile group. Semen quality assessment was performed based on WHO guidelines, and the serum was analyzed for 25-hydroxy vitamin D, LH (luteinizing hormone), FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), and testosterone by ELISA method. Vitamin D level was significantly higher in the fertile group compared with infertile males (p < 0.001). Moreover, vitamin D level was positively correlated with some fertility indicators assessed by spermiogram test including sperm motility (p < 0.001, r = 0.483) and sperm count (p = 0.019, r = 0.216). Additionally, vitamin D was positively associated with testosterone level (p = 0.025, r = 0.210). There was no significant correlation between vitamin D concentrations with sperms morphology, LH, and FSH level. Our study showed a significantly lower vitamin D level in infertile males compared to the fertile group. In conclusion, our study results showed a positive correlation between serum vitamin D with sperm motility, sperm count, and serum testosterone level in fertile males compared to infertile men and suggest the beneficial effects of vitamin D on male reproduction.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.