The aim of this study was to investigate the sol gel synthesis of HA/FA nanoparticles and the possible formation of TCP phase or unstoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) from the precursors with a Ca/P ratio of 1.62. In order to prepare the sol, the solutions of Triethyl phosphite, ammonium fluoride and calcium nitrate in ethanol were used respectively as P, F and Ca precursors. The crystallinity, particle and crystallite size, powder morphology, chemical structure and phase analysis were investigated by SEM, XRD, FT-IR and Zeta sizer experiment. A multiphase compound containing hydroxyapatite (HA) and fluoroapatite (FA) nanoparticles and calcium deficient hudroxyapatite (CDHA) agglomerates was obtained. The size of the crystallites estimated from XRD patterns using Scherrer equation and the crystallinity of HA phase were about 5 nm and 66% respectively. The zeta sizer experiments for the dispersed particles in its own conditions showed an average size of 98 nm.
Nickel oxide-gadolinium doped ceria (NiO– Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9) deserves special attention because of its high ionic conductivity. The nanocomposite fibers of this material are suitable as anode materials for low-temperature SOFCs. The composition and morphology of the nanofibers which prepared via electrospinning method were characterized by SEM, TEM and EDS. It was noticed that the fiber diameters gradually decreased from 190±77 nm to 75±27 nm by increasing the calcination temperature from 800 °C to 1000 °C. Further, the influence of the different parameters such as concentration of the polymeric pre-spinnable solution (CPS), concentration of the cationic solution (CCS), the applied voltage, tip-target distance, feed rate, diameter of the needle and the calcination temperature on the morphology of the fibers were investigated.
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