Relevance. Children with disabilities have a high prevalence of caries, periodontal diseases and poor oral hygiene. The study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a method for a comprehensive psychological assessment of the level of awareness about dental disease prevention in children with disabilities aged 6 to 12 years. Materials and methods. We examined 249 primary school students, 154 with intellectual disabilities, from Khabarovsk Territory and calculated the prevalence and intensity of caries and the level of oral hygiene. The study surveyed children with disabilities by the developed comprehensive psychological method.Results. There were no significant differences in the intensity and prevalence of caries. The level of hygiene in systemically healthy children is good -1.50 ± 0.05. the level of oral hygiene in children with mild intellectual disability is poor -1. 70 ± 0.04 (p < 0.05). The awareness about dental disease prevention is below average or low in children with disabilities. Conclusions. The developed method and its adaptation allowed us to objectively assess the awareness level in children with disabilities and develop differentiated recommendations.
Various variants of the clinical manifestation of the development of acute pyelonephritis in children are presented. Attention is drawn to the need for a detailed survey and examination of a sick child with suspected acute pyelonephritis. It is shown that laboratory diagnostics helps in making the speci-fied diagnosis and prescribing the necessary therapy. In differential diagnosis, it is important to under-stand the causes of the development of clinical manifestations of various diseases.
A dynamic survey of cadets of the Cossack cadet corps aged 10-11 years was conducted in order to study the dependence of the adaptive reserves of the body on the tone and properties of the central nervous system. The study was conducted using the «Health-Express» hardware-software complex with an assessment of simple and complex visual-motor reactions, heart rate variability, and a number of additional techniques. The positive dynamics of adaptation to the learning process, the dependence of the success of adaptation processes on the strength of the nervous system and the predominance of the vagal influence of the autonomic nervous system are revealed.
Relevance. The present article provides data regarding changes in the oral cavity during orthodontic tratment with custom-made removable appliances. Purpose. To study the condition of the oral cavity in children aged 7-12 with dentoalveolar abnormalities during treatment with removable orthodontic appliances.Materials and methods. 110 patients aged 7-12 were examined in Nakhodka, Russia. Group I – control (34 subjects) with no dentoalveolar pathology. Group II – children with dentoalveolar pathology (74 subjects), undergoing orthodontic treatment. Besides clinical examination the following laboratory tests were taken, namely: saliva viscosity, saliva PH, saliva buffer capacity, microcrystallography of saliva. Type III prevailed in 60% of cases. Results. Caries intensity during orthodontic treatment was detected to increase up to 8.32 ± 0.28 in comparison with control group 6.57 ± 0.22 (p < 0.05). Hygiene rate decreased in experimental group to 2.8 ± 0.08, in comparison with controls – 1.40 ± 0.02 (p < 0.05). Salivary PH decreased during orthodontic treatment. Microcrystallization type III of saliva prevailed in 60% of cases.Conclusions. The study revealed strong relationship between orthodonotic treatment with removable appliances and physicochemical properties of mixed saliva r = 0.95 (p < 0.05). Appropriate approach and timely preventive measures can help correct oral condition in orthodontic treatment. Despite changes in oral fluid composition, esthetic and functional result of treatment with orthodontic customized removable appliances was high.
Цель. Обоснование эффективного и безопасного применения различных препаратов для лечения пульпита временных зубов ампутационными методами. Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ карт пациентов и лечение пульпита временных зубов у детей методом витальной ампутации. с целью раскрытия патогенетических механизмов развития пульпита временных зубов проведено изучение ротовой жидкости: содержание иммуноглобулинов – IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE, sIgA и интерлейкина–6. Выявлена низкая эффективность (54,2 ± 0,7%) метода девитальной ампутации, сопровождающаяся развитием деструктивных форм периодонтита. Наиболее эффективным методом лечения пульпита временных моляров является метод витальной ампутации с применением препаратов «Триоксидент» – 93,4 ± 0,3%, Viscostat – 91,3 ± 0,4% с обоснованной безопасностью, что позволяет широко их применять в детской стоматологической практике. Результаты. Была показана высокая эффективность использования препаратов «Триоксидент» и Viscostat при сравнении с девитальной пульпотомией.
Summer health camp is a seasonal preventive institution for recreation, preservation and strengthening of the health of children and adolescents, which allows you to cover a large contingent of the child population with health-improving activities. The article presents the dynamics of the functional indicators of the respiratory system in children and adolescents who were in a summer health camp. On the basis of the children’s health camp «Young railroad worker» and the camp on the basis of a secondary educational school, research was carried out, in which children aged 7–10 years took part. Respiratory function was measured using a spirometer. The data obtained were analyzed using generally accepted methods of mathematical statistics. To identify the level of significance of differences, we used Student’s t-test.In children with round-the-clock stay in the camp, there is a statistically significant increase in Lung Capacity by 101.97 ml and a daytime stay — by 80.55 ml. At the end of the shift, summer health-improving recreation led to an increase in the indicators of the Respiratory Minute Volume (at the time of arrival, the Respiratory Minute Volume indicator in children 7–10 years old was 3,71 ± 1,03 l/min, and at the end 4,31 ± 1,88 l/min with round-the-clock stay; 3,65 ± 1,04 l/min and 4,1 ± 1,54 l/min with a daytime stay) due to an increase in Tidal Volume, which indicates a favorable respiratory response.The results of the functional study revealed an increase in the reserve capacity of the respiratory organs, which indicates the positive effect of the camp on the child’s body.The results obtained in the study of the functional state of respiration will make it possible to determine the directions and forms of organization of medical care in order to prevent deviations in the state of health. These results can serve as a basis for further in-depth research in summer camps of various types and the development of control measures and means of strengthening and maintaining the health of children. Thus, summer health camps are an effective measure of recreation and preservation, strengthening the health of the child population.
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