Φm46.1, the Main
 Streptococcus pyogenes
 Element Carrying
 mef
 (A) and
 tet
 (O) Genes

Brenciani, Andrea; Bacciaglia, Alessandro; Vignaroli, Carla; Pugnaloni, Armanda; Varaldo, Pietro E.; Giovanetti, Eleonora

doi:10.1128/aac.00499-09

Cited by 77 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The 980 nt of the ⌽m46.1-like element were 98% identical to mega (GenBank accession no. AF274302), while in ⌽m46.1, only the initial 222 nt were 88% identical to mega, with the remaining portion being similar to Tn1207.1 (4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the R end of the ⌽m46.1-like element, the region sequenced (260 nt) showed 100% identity to the corresponding region of ⌽m46.1, including the terminal 76-bp sequence that was 91% identical to the R end of mega (4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial strains used as controls for PCR mapping were S. pneumoniae strains DP1322, carrying Tn916; PN150, carrying Tn2009 (10); Spn529, carrying the 5216IQ complex (17); and S. pyogenes m46, carrying ⌽m46.1 (4). PCR assays to detect resistance genes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tet(O) in ⌽m46.1, a prophage element of 55.1 kb, also present as a free circular form in the bacterial culture (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic Resistance Elements Carrying mef Subclasses Other than mef (A) in Streptococcus pyogenes

Grosso

Camilli

Barbabella

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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In Streptococcus pyogenes, efflux-mediated erythromycin resistance is associated with the mef gene, represented mostly by mef(A), although a small portion of strains carry different mef subclasses. We characterized the composite genetic elements, including mef subclasses other than mef(A), associated with other resistance genes in S. pyogenes isolates. Determination of the genetic elements was performed by PCR mapping. The strains carrying mosaic mef(A/E), in which the 5 region was identical to mef(A) and the 3 region was identical to mef(E), also carried tet(O). The two genes were found enclosed in an element similar to S. pyogenes prophage ⌽m46.1, designated the ⌽m46.1-like element. In S. pyogenes strains carrying mef(E) and tet(M), mef(E) was included in a typical mega element, and in some strains, it was physically associated with tet(M) in the composite element Tn2009. S. pyogenes strains carrying mef(I) also carried catQ; the two genes were linked in a fragment representing a portion of the 5216IQ complex of Streptococcus pneumoniae, designated the defective IQ element. In the only isolate carrying a novel mef gene, this was associated with catQ and tet(M) in a genetic element similar to the 5216IQ complex of S. pneumoniae (5216IQ-like complex), suggesting that the novel mef is in fact a variant of mef(I). This study demonstrates that the composite elements containing mef are shared between S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae and suggests that it is important to distinguish the mef subclass on the basis of the genetic element containing it.Efflux-mediated macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae is conferred by mef and the adjacent msr(D) gene, which code for a two-component transport system (1). The resistance phenotype acquired by the microorganisms is defined as M, since the efflux mechanism confers resistance to macrolides only, as opposed to the MLS B phenotype (resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B) conferred by the Erm methylase (16).Several allelic variants or subclasses of the mef gene have been described for S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae, including the more common mef(A) and mef(E) and the rarely encountered mef(I) and mef(O) (3,15,17,20).Although the mef subclasses show a high level of identity at the nucleotide level (from 88% to 94%), each is found embedded in a different genetic element, suggesting a different evolutionary and transmission route (23). In S. pyogenes the most common mef subclass is mef(A) (5, 14), which is carried by two similar genetic elements: Tn1207.3, of approximately 52 kb, and ⌽10394.4, a prophage of approximately 59 kb (2, 21). In S. pneumoniae, mef(A) is carried by Tn1207.1, a defective element of 7.2 kb corresponding to the leftmost mef-containing region of Tn1207.3 (21). In S. pyogenes, a sequence similar to that of Tn1207.1 including mef(A) was found associated with tet(O) in ⌽m46.1, a prophage element of 55.1 kb, also present as a free circular form in the bacterial culture (4).The mef(E) subclass is common in S. ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tet(O) in ⌽m46.1, a prophage element of 55.1 kb, also present as a free circular form in the bacterial culture (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Genetic Resistance Elements Carrying mef Subclasses Other than mef (A) in Streptococcus pyogenes

Grosso

Camilli

Barbabella

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Originally, the MLS resistance determinant was named erm(TR), but it has been renamed to erm(A). [46]. The association of tet(O) with the erm(B) gene was further described by Martel et al [47].…”

Section: Tetracycline and Mls Resistance Genes And Transposonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to the tetracyclines and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin group of antibiotics and its genetic linkage – a review

Marosevic¹,

Kaevska²,

Jaglič³

2017

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Marosevic D, Kaevska M, Jaglic Z. Resistance to the tetracyclines and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin group of antibiotics and its genetic linkage -a review. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2017; 24(2): 338-344. https://doi.org/10.26444/aaem/74718 AbstractAn excessive use of antimicrobial agents poses a risk for the selection of resistant bacteria. Of particular interest are antibiotics that have large consumption rates in both veterinary and human medicine, such as the tetracyclines and macrolidelincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) group of antibiotics. A high load of these agents increases the risk of transmission of resistant bacteria and/or resistance determinants to humans, leading to a subsequent therapeutic failure. An increasing incidence of bacteria resistant to both tetracyclines and MLS antibiotics has been recently observed. This review summarizes the current knowledge on different tetracycline and MLS resistance genes that can be linked together on transposable elements.

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Antimicrobial Resistance: A Challenge for the Future

Varaldo

Facinelli

Bagnarelli

et al. 2020

The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica Delle Marche”

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Φm46.1, the Main Streptococcus pyogenes Element Carrying mef (A) and tet (O) Genes

Cited by 77 publications

References 32 publications

Genetic Resistance Elements Carrying mef Subclasses Other than mef (A) in Streptococcus pyogenes

Genetic Resistance Elements Carrying mef Subclasses Other than mef (A) in Streptococcus pyogenes

Resistance to the tetracyclines and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin group of antibiotics and its genetic linkage – a review

Antimicrobial Resistance: A Challenge for the Future

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