β-Lactam Antibiotics

Ka, Holbrook; Fd, Lowy

doi:10.3109/07357909809115781

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…They are said to be the safest and most common antibacterial agents because; they have a short elimination half-life, they are eliminated via the renal route, they have a good distribution in the body and have a low toxicity [4]. There are four classes of beta-lactam antibiotics namely; penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams and carbapenems [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability Studies on Flucloxacillin Sodium in Reconstituted Oral Suspensions

Klu

Apenteng

Addy

et al. 2018

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Stability studies on flucloxacillin sodium in reconstituted oral suspensions were carried out. The experiment sought to investigate the effects that the different types of water for reconstitution and different storage conditions have on the stability of flucloxacillin sodium in the reconstituted suspensions.Methods: Suspensions of flucloxacillin sodium were reconstituted with tap water, commercial bottled water (Voltic brand was used), commercial sachet water (Everpure brand was used) treated tap water and distilled water and stored under refrigeration (RF) (4-6 °C), at room temperature (RT) (31-33 °C) and in a bowl of water (BW) (26-27 °C). Assay of flucloxacillin sodium was by iodimetry at predetermined time intervals for 8 d.Results: The amount of flucloxacillin sodium in all the suspensions stored under the various storage conditions reduced with time and at different rates. The percentage breakdown, a parameter of stability, was calculated for each reconstituted suspension stored at the different conditions investigated and they were as follows: commercial bottled water (RT-22.40 %, RF-9.90 % and BW-15.90 %), distilled water (RT-29.14 %, RF-18.0 %, BW-28.80 %), tap water (RT-25.0%, RF-14.60 % and BW-25.10 %) and commercial sachet water (RT-25.0 %, RF-10.17 % and BW-22.50 %).Conclusion: At the end of the study, it was found that those suspensions reconstituted with the commercial bottled water were the most stable and had the smallest breakdown of flucloxacillin sodium whereas those reconstituted with distilled water were the least stable and had the largest breakdown of flucloxacillin sodium. Commercial sachet water reconstituted more stable suspensions than tap water. Also, the suspensions stored under refrigeration were the most stable followed by those stored in a bowl of water. The formulations kept at room temperature were the least stable and thus, had the largest breakdown of flucloxacillin sodium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability Studies on Flucloxacillin Sodium in Reconstituted Oral Suspensions

Klu

Apenteng

Addy

et al. 2018

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…β-lactams account for approximately 50% of global antibiotic consumption (Livermore, 1998). Bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics occurs by three mechanisms: failure of the β-lactam to reach the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), low-affinity binding to the PBPs and inactivation of the drug by β-lactamases (Holbrook and Lowy, 1998). Among this β-Lactamases are the commonest cause of bacterial resistance to β-lactam antimicrobial agents (Livermore, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%