Zum Metabolismus fungizider Phthalimid‐Derivate in lebensmittelchemisch‐toxikologischer Sicht

Engst, R.; Raab, M.

doi:10.1002/food.19730170706

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Only small quantities of metabolites were observed in organs by Seidler et al (1971). Engst and Raab (1973) were unable to detect parent captan in blood. At 4 d after oral dosing, Debaun et al (1974) have found the distribution of [ 14 Ctrichloromethyl] captan to be 51.8% urine, 22.8% expired air, 15.9% feces, and 0.6% tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Dermal penetration of [¹⁴C] captan in young and adult rats

Fisher

Hall

Sumler³

et al. 1992

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

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Age dependence in dermal absorption has been a major concern in risk assessment. Captan, a chloroalkyl thio heterocyclic fungicide, was selected for study of age dependence as representative of this class of pesticides. Dermal penetration of [14C]captan applied at 0.286 mumol/cm2 was determined in young (33-d-old) and adult (82-d-old) female Fischer 344 rats in vivo and by two in vitro methods. Dermal penetration in vivo at 72 h was about 9% of the recovered dose in both young and adult rats. The percentage penetration was found to increase as dosage (0.1, 0.5, 2.7 mumol/cm2) decreased. Two in vitro methods gave variable dermal penetration values compared with in vivo results. A static system yielded twofold higher dermal penetration values compared with in vivo results for both young and adult rats. A flow system yielded higher dermal penetration values in young rats and lower penetration values in adults compared with in vivo results. Concentration in body, kidney, and liver was less in young than in adult rats given the same absorbed dosage. A physiological pharmacokinetic model was developed having a dual compartment for the treated skin and appeared to describe dermal absorption and disposition well. From this model, tissue/blood ratios of captan-derived radioactivity for organs were found to range from 0.35 to 3.4, indicating no large uptake or binding preferences by any organ. This preliminary pharmacokinetic model summarizes the experimental findings and could provide impetus for more complex and realistic models.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Dermal penetration of [¹⁴C] captan in young and adult rats

Fisher

Hall

Sumler³

et al. 1992

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

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“…Second, the body weight of the deceased amounted to only 47 kg at a height of 171 cm, while it is known that the median lethal dose of captan decreases significantly at low‐protein diets or starvation .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Toxicological Analysis Revealing a Rare Case of Captan Ingestion

Gottzein

Mußhoff

Madea

2013

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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This article presents a case of suicide by intoxication with various pharmaceuticals, particularly anticonvulsants, combined with the fungicide captan. A cause of death could not be ascertained at autopsy. However, systematic toxicological analysis (STA) including a screening via solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for (semi) volatile organic compounds revealed results suggesting a possible cause of death. The effects of captan on the human organism, its metabolism, and distribution will be discussed. Macroscopically, the cause of death was unascertained. STA revealed clonazepam, citalopram, and its metabolites, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, lacosamide, clonazepam, captan, and its metabolite tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI). For the first time, it was detected in human viscera. A quantification of THPI was performed to obtain distribution in the organs. The significance of a complete STA must be emphasized. The presence of THPI would have been missed without previous detection of captan. Consequently, this fatality would not have been investigated satisfactorily.

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