Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in a patient with multiple carcinoid-islet cell tumors of the duodenum

The detection and measurement of circulating gastrin-like activity by bioassay

“…The gastrin content of two tumours was found to be 6-4 ,g and 29-1 ,ug/g of tumour tissue, which compares well with the level of 1.03 ,ug/g found by McGuigan and Trudeau (1968) using immunoassay but not with the level of 1.07 mg/g tentatively suggested by Thompson, Hirose, Lemmi, and Davidson (1968). The latter workers used the isolated bullfrog mucosa to compare the maximal responses of the membrane to gastrin and tumour extract.…”

A rare case of multiple carcinoids and endocrine cell micronests in a patient with chronic duodenitis

“…Multiple endocrine cell tumors of the duodenum such as carcinoid‐islet cell tumors,8 multiple carcinoid tumors,3 and multiple gastrinomas9 are clinically rare. In the reported cases, the patients were diagnosed as having ZES and the tumors contained a large amount of gastrin 3, 8, 9. All these tumors thus have been considered to be so‐called gastrinoma, the development of which may be explained by the monoclonal proliferation of duodenal G‐cells 10.…”

Staining procedures for the endocrine cells of the upper gastrointestinal mucosa: Light-electron microscopic correlation for the gastrin-producing cell

“…After using these methods and/or electron microscopy quantitative as well as qualitative changes have been noted in the endocrine cells of the gut from patients with a number of clinical conditions. These include: (a) carcinoid tumours associated with typical (Williams and Sandler, 1963;Soga and Tazawa, 1971) and atypical (Sandler and Snow, 1958;Campbell, Gowenlock, Platt, and Snow, 1963) 428 carcinoid syndrome, as well as peptic ulcers (Black and Haffner, 1968); (b) states of gastric acid hypersecretion, such as the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome with intestinal gastrinoma (Oberhelman, Nelson, Johnson, and Dragstedt, 1961;Thompson, Hirose, Lemmi, and Davidson, 1968), some patients with acromegaly Creutzfeldt, Arnold, Creutzfeldt, Feurle, and Ketterer, 1971), hyperparathyroidism Polak, Bussolati, and Pearse, 1971c) retained antrum (Solcia, 1972) and a percentage of peptic ulcers (Solcia, Capella, and Vassallo, 1970b;Lechago and Bencosme, 1973); and (c) states of gastric hyposecretion, such as pernicious anaemia (Rubin, 1969;Creutzfeldt et al, 1971;Polak, Coulling, Doe, and Pearse, 1971d). No light microscopic technique capable of demonstrating simultaneously the various endocrine cell types of the digestive mucosa has been reported so far.…”