ZnO Nanorods: An Advanced Cathode Buffer Layer for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Selim, Mohamed S.; Elseman, Ahmed Mourtada; Hao, Zhifeng

doi:10.1021/acsaem.0c01945

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In the two-step method, PbI 2 is dissolved in the solvent (DMF) and spin-coated onto the substrate. Then, CH 3 NH 3 I is dissolved in the solvent (isopropanol (IPA)) and spin-coated onto the PbI 2 -coated substrate [7,53].…”

Section: Device Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the film layer produced is exceptionally clean since no solvent was used in the process, eliminating the possibility of impurities being Reprinted with permission from Ref. [53,55] Mixed 2D-3D Halide Perovskite Solar Cells DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97684 added to the solvent. Second, the process is relatively easy to scale up for large-scale manufacture.…”

Section: Device Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) Method of one-step spin coating. (b) Method of two-step spin coating (c) a diagram of the CVD technique.Reprinted with permission from Ref [53,55].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mixed 2D-3D Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

El-Samad¹,

Mostafa²,

Zeenelabden³

et al. 2021

Solar Cells - Theory, Materials and Recent Advances

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The 3D-perovskite halides have gained a considerable reputation versus their counterpart semiconductor materials since they achieved a remarkable high-power conversion efficiency of 25.2% within a decade. Perovskite solar cells also have some problems as lattice degradation and sensitivity against moisture, oxygen, and strong irradiation. The perovskite instability is the drawback in front of this emerging technology towards mass production and commercialization. 2D-perovskites, with the general formula A2Bn − 1MnX3n + 1, have been recently introduced to overcome some of the drawbacks of the stability of 3D-perovskites; however, this is at the expense of sacrificing a part of the power conversion efficiency. Mixed 2D/3D perovskites could solve this dilemma towards the way to high stability-efficiency perovskites. The research is expected to obtain highly stable and efficient mixed 2D/3D perovskite solar cells in the few coming years. This chapter reviews 2D-perovskites’ achieved progress, highlighting their properties, current trends, challenges, and future prospects.

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Section: Device Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Device Fabrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mixed 2D-3D Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

El-Samad¹,

Mostafa²,

Zeenelabden³

et al. 2021

Solar Cells - Theory, Materials and Recent Advances

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also, due to the advantages of zinc oxide as it has a wide gap with high electron mobility due to its advantages. It is widely used as a hole blocking and electron transport layer through photovoltaic devices such as hybrid, dye-sensitized, organic solar cells, and PSCs [58][59][60]. They used zinc oxide with a thickness of 100 nm instead of high-temperature-processed titanium dioxide (TiO2).…”

Section: Evolution Of Perovskite-based Tandem Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perovskite-Based Tandem/Multi-junction Solar Cells

El-Demsisy

Selmy

2021

International Journal of Materials Technology and Innovation

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Nowadays, with all their different forms, tandem cells are considered on top of the modern fields that many researchers try to explore all over the world. Both theoretical studies and applied technologies are struggling to realize the theoretical limit of the single-cell efficiency (~30%). Many kinds of tandem cells can be gathered together in different categories. Concerning the materials used, they are classified into organic, inorganic, and hybrid. But sometimes, they are classified, focusing on the connections used for sub-cellsstacked, optical splitting, or monolithic. Halide perovskite-based solar cells have acquired great significance in recent years. They gained a major interest because of their cheap and simple manufacturing as well as fast efficiency improvements. All these advantages have already met those of the industrially prevailing multi-crystalline silicon. Integration of perovskite absorber materials into multi-junction cells encourages researchers to exceed the limits of siliconbased technology and run after higher power transforming efficiencies. Layering many absorbers solar junctions stacked one above the other helped in the absorption process throughout the solar spectrum, hence, more energy could be obtained from sunlight. Two qualities caused perovskites to become the ideal candidates: First, the availability of adjusting the energy gap of perovskite materials to a great extent. Second, the capability to produce high open-circuit voltages from wide-bandgap absorbers. Perovskites could be used combined with or as an alternative for silicon (Si) in photovoltaic technologies. Those technologies were used practically and could be collected in architectures of hybrid tandems or layered in all multi-junction perovskite cells. In this review, many opportunities for perovskite multi-junction cells were tested in an attempt to find out new developments via inspecting possibilities.

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“…Perovskite has the general formula of ABX 3 , where A is an organic or metal cation (e.g., MA + , FA + , Cs + ), B is a metal cation (e.g., Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ ), and X is a halogen (e.g., Cl − , Br − , I − ). Perovskite has superior optoelectronic properties and lower crystallization activation energy, when compared to silicon (Elseman et al, 2019;Selim et al, 2020). Perovskite has gained enormous attention during the past decades because of its superior electrical and optical properties and has great potential in nextgeneration solar cells (De Wolf et al, 2014;Snaith, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and Preparation Method for High-Quality Opto-Electronic Perovskite Film

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Mater.

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The key to improving the energy conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells lies in the optimization of the film morphology. The optical and electrical properties of the perovskite film, such as light absorption, carrier diffusion length, and charge transport, are all directly affected by the film morphology. Therefore, this review starts from the perovskite solar cells structure, and it summarizes the state-of-art perovskite film fabrication technologies and the caused film morphology to the performance perovskite solar cells. The spin coating method has an enormous waste of materials and only a small area of the device can be utilized. It is difficult to be used in commercial manufacturing. However, due to the high efficiency of this preparation method, it is irreplaceable in the initial research and development of perovskite materials, and so this method will be popular for a long time in the laboratory. Chemical vapor deposition and thermal vapor deposition have high technical requirements and a good repeatability of processing and manufacturing, and large-scale production can be realized. It may be the first technology to admit industrial application; the scratch coating method and slot-die have significant technical aspects. The similarity of the roll-to-roll manufacturing technology is also an efficient preparation method. Still, to achieve high-efficiency devices, it is necessary to consider the thickness control of each functional layer, and to find or prepare perovskite paste. Finally, we summarized the various fabrication processes and the prospects for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells. We predict that to achieve the commercialization of perovskite solar cells, the existing fabrication technologies should be optimized and more studies should be conducted.

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ZnO Nanorods: An Advanced Cathode Buffer Layer for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 21 publications

References 70 publications

Mixed 2D-3D Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Mixed 2D-3D Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite-Based Tandem/Multi-junction Solar Cells

Processing and Preparation Method for High-Quality Opto-Electronic Perovskite Film

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