“…Commonly employed method involves condensation of an aryl-1,2-diamine with a 1,2-dicarbonyl in refluxing ethanol or acetic acid for 2-12 h yielding 34-85% of product [10]. Several improved methods reported in the literature for the synthesis of quinoxalines include microwave synthesis [11], the use of PEG-400 [12], RuCl-(PPh3)3-TEMPO [13], CAN [14], CuSO4.5H2O [15], SA/MeOH [16], montmorillonite K-10 [17], InCl3 [18], Zn/proline [19], Ga(OTf)3 [20], HClO4-SiO2 [21], -cyclodextrins in water [22], FeMAP [23], TiO2-P25 [24], ZnO-beta zeolite [25], silica-supported antimony(III) chloride [26] as catalysts.…”