Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Impair the Integrity of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Monolayer <I>In</I> <I>Vitro</I>

Abstract

Disruption of the intercellular interactions between endothelial cells leads to endothelial dysfunction. The role of nanoparticles in plasma membrane stability, actin cytoskeleton organization and intercellular junctions is unclear. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with zinc oxide NPs in vitro. Cell shape, adhesiveness and plasma membrane integrity were analyzed by means of optical fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and flow cytometry methods. Additionally, lactate dehydrogenase activity assay and annexin V staining were performed. The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed changes in morphology and surface topography. The F-actin organization was typical for migrating cells. Cell membrane damage (significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase release and annexin V staining) was observed in the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles above 30 g/ml. The relationship between ZnO nanoparticles and endothelial dysfunction was clearly established and the importance of cytoskeleton reorganization and loosening of the continuous endothelial monolayer after nanoparticles exposure has been documented.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by seed of Phoenix sylvestris L. and their role in the management of cosmetics embarrassment

“…High antimicrobial activity may be attributed to the finner AgNPs which penetrate through flexible cell walls of bacteria, where the cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan (a carbohydrate polymer) linked by amino acids and cross-linked by tetrapeptides (41). Silver cations released from AgNPs cause damage by interacting with the electrons of phosphorous-and sulphur-containing compounds such as DNA and proteins, and subsequently cell death (42)(43)(44). Some studies reported that, AgNPs may attach to the cell membrane, disturb their permeability and cause structural changes in bacteria (45,46).…”

Biogenic silver nanoparticles from Abutilon indicum: Their antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic effects in vitro

“…On the other hand in S. flexneri, the AIAgNPs and streptomycin exhibited 25 ± 0.52 and 30 ± 0.24 mm zone of inhibition respectively at a concentration 300 g/mL. The probable mechanism of antibacterial activity of AIAgNPs may be attributed to their interaction with the bacterial cell membranes and thereby resulting in disturbing the membrane permeability and respiratory functions culminating in cell death [46,47].…”

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antioxidant and antibacterial activity

“…This high bactericidal activity is certainly due to the silver cations released from AgNPs that act as reservoirs for the Ag ? bactericidal agent (Paszek et al 2012). Therefore, AgNPs were widely used in antibacterial coatings in processing of medical instruments (Eby et al 2009) and food industries for packaging (Krishnaraj et al 2010).…”