Zinc Induces Apatite and Scholzite Formation during Dentin Remineralization

Abstract

The aim of this study was to ascertain whether zinc may improve the repair ability of demineralized dentin. Dentin disks were demineralized by phosphoric acid during 15 s and immersed in artificial saliva, remineralizing solution, a zinc chloride solution and a zinc oxide solution. Dentin specimens were analyzed after 24 h and 1 month of storage. Surface morphology was assessed by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy, mechanical properties were analyzed by nanohardness testing in a TriboIndenter, and chemical changes at the surfaces were determined by X-ray diffraction, Raman and energy-dispersive elemental analyses. After phosphoric acid application, dentin was only partially demineralized. Demineralized dentin was remineralized after 24 h of storage in any of the tested solutions (nanohardness increased and hydroxylapatite formation was detected by Raman). Remineralization was maintained up to 1 month in dentin stored in remineralizing solution, zinc chloride and zinc oxide. Zinc and phosphate were important for hydroxylapatite homeostasis. Scholzite formation was encountered in dentin stored in zinc-containing solutions. Zinc might allow to reach the balance between dentin demineralization and remineralization processes.

Masticatory function induced changes, at subnanostructural level, in proteins and mineral at the resin–dentine interface

“…2) reported the highest values of amide III ($3.24 fold), CH 2 (approximately 3.05 fold), amide I ($ 5.64 fold), and amide I/amide III ($1.68 fold), at HL. Additionally, loading in sine showed the highest values of nanomechanical properties (Osorio et al, 2014). In general, increases of amide I peaks have been previously reported, in function of the age .…”

Silver improves collagen structure and stability at demineralized dentin: A dynamic-mechanical and Raman analysis

“…A higher FWHM (full-width-half-maximum) in Ag-NPs group ( Table 2) means lower crystallographic maturity and crystallinity in minerals [28]. This low crystallinity usually became associated to, i) the minor phosphate v1 vibration, at 963 cm -1 height [29] ( Table 2) which corresponded to stoichiometric HAp, and deactivates dentin remodeling with decreased maturity [30,31]. The association between poor crystallinity and low mechanical properties, has been confirmed in the present research ( Table 1).…”

Improved reactive nanoparticles to treat dentin hypersensitivity

“…The formula for stoichiometric HAp is Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. An isomorphous substitution can be obtained when Ca 2+ is replaced by Zn 2+ into dentin HAp [12]. At the intertubular dentin, remaining collagen (if denatured) is susceptible to degradation by host-derived matrix metalloproteinases [13].…”