“…Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), highly coordinated porous crystals comprising of metal nodes and organic ligands, have garnered much attention due to their customizable features and diverse biomedical applications, including imaging, sensing and drug delivery. [169][170][171] Currently, more than 90 000 MOFs are being synthesized. 172 While their synthetic methods may vary, their antimicrobial activities, as well as monitoring abilities, typically originated from the embedded metals or ligands (e.g., antimicrobials and porphyrins), which may detect microbial cells while facilitating the generation of ROS to inhibit the growth of microbes, including E. coli, S. aureus, MRSA and C. albicans.…”