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Abstract

ABSTRACT:The study on the chemical constituents of an essential oil of Pogostemon cablin was carried out by hydrodistillation of leaf explants and the oil analysed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The oil yield was found to be 0.30 % (v/w) of fresh weight. Twenty two compounds were identified by GC/ MS as eighteen sesquiterpenes and three oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Among these, patchouli alcohol (60.30 %) was the major component, followed by germacrene A (11.73 %). In order to study the chemical constituents of the essential oil of plant cell cultures, leaves were surface sterilised and callus cultures initiated on MS media containing naphthaleneacetic acid (0.5 mg/l), and benzyladenine (1 mg/l), followed by incubation in suitable culture conditions. Cell suspension cultures were initiated by subculturing callus cultures into new liquid media and maintained in the same conditions. Chemical constituents of the essential oils produced by both callus and cell suspension cultures were extracted with dichloromethane and analysed by GC and GC/ MS. The results showed that essential oil obtained from these cultures contained the same major constituents, namely patchouli alcohol, as in the intact plant, but the level was low, and also contained a small amount of minor constituents. Feeding cis-farnesol, the precursor of patchouli alcohol, to cell suspension cultures resulted in the patchouli alcohol being increased from 19.5 mg/l to 25.5 mg/l.

Biochemical profile of callus cultures of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth

“…Secondary metabolites are by definition a product of differentiation; in the calli and cell-suspension cultures, this type of differentiation does not occur consistently (Verpoorte et al 2002), which could explain the absence of essential oil in the calli analyzed herein. Similar results have been obtained by Bunrathep et al (2006), who did not detect essential oil in the tissues of Pogostemon cablin calli. Nevertheless, in their study, the calli were cultured with growth regulators that were different from those employed in the present work and in the presence of light.…”

“…Callus cultures serve as useful systems for investigating factors influencing the biosynthesis of natural products (Pretto and Santarém 2000). There are only a few studies on production of essential oils in calli and suspension culture of plants rich in such secondary metabolites (Bunrathep et al 2006).…”

Influência do armazenamento de folhas secas no óleo essencial de patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)

“…8 Existe uma grande variação quanto à composição química do óleo essencial de patchouli em relação a trabalhos anteriores, e para patchoulol encontraram-se as seguintes concentrações: 28,8; 4 32,20; 10 40,00; 6 50,66-54,31, 1 e 60,30%. 23 Entretanto, também foi encontrado como composto majoritário o α-guaieno, com 20,62%. 13 Observou-se também que, em ambos os genótipos, os componentes principais são os mesmos com diferentes percentagens, o que pode ser consequência da diferente origem dos genótipos, já que variações químicas ocorrem entre plantas de patchouli provenientes de diferentes regiões.…”

A Comprehensive Review on the Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Pogostemon cablin Benth.: An Aromatic Medicinal Plant of Industrial Importance

“…Based on the GC profiles, 18 samples were categorized into three major groups, patchouliol type, pogostone type and interim type [47]. Among the various compounds identified from patchouli oil using GC/MS, patchoulol, germacrene-A, α-guaiene, α-bulnesene, β-patchoulene and patchouli alcohol were the major components while β-pinene, β-elemene, β-caryophyllene, α-patchoulene, β-cubebene and α-selinene were the minor components [45,46].…”