Youth sport dropout according to the Process-Person-Context-Time model: a systematic review

Moulds, Kylie; Galloway, Sheila M.; Abbott, Shaun; Cobley, Stephen

doi:10.1080/1750984x.2021.2012817

Cited by 19 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…First, a prospective design where potential predictors are measured prior to the outcome strengthens the credibility of conclusions drawn about the causal relationships between study variables (i.e., that risk factors precede the outcome). Moreover, predictors of dropout behaviour do not act independently of each other (e.g., [ 17 ]). Therefore, using an analytical method that investigates how combinations of risk factors simultaneously interact to predict drop-out from soccer additionally strengthens the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretical frameworks of factors that influence sports participation and drop-out, such as the social-ecological model of sport attrition [ 15 ], leisure constraints theory [ 16 ], and the process–person–context–time model [ 17 ] offer theoretical explanations for adolescents’ decisions to drop out from soccer. These models highlight a complex pattern of interactions between many different factors at various levels that influence drop-out (e.g., process; competition structure, relative age, person; sex, competence perception, context; parental socio-demographics, social support, and time; time-use characteristics, perceived time challenges).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the prospective studies conducted have, in many cases, applied a reductionist approach where each potential risk factor has been analysed separately using, for example, difference tests (e.g., t -test) [ 14 ]. A reductionist approach provides a very limited picture of why adolescents drop out of sports and most theories/models (e.g., the social-ecological model of sport attrition [ 15 ], leisure constraint theory [ 16 ], process–person–context–time model [ 17 ]) highlight that drop-out is influenced by complex interactions between several factors. Moreover, soccer is, in terms of the number of participants, the major sport worldwide [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Psychosocial Predictors of Drop-Out from Organised Sport: A Prospective Study in Adolescent Soccer

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Stenling

Solstad

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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In recent years an increased drop-out rate in adolescents’ soccer participation has been observed. Given the potentially adverse consequences of drop-out from soccer, more information about risk factors for drop-out is warranted. In the current study, Classification and Regression Tree (CRT) analysis was used to investigate demographic and motivational factors associated with an increased risk of drop-out from adolescent soccer. The results of this study indicate that older age, experiencing less autonomy support from the coach, less intrinsic motivation, being female, and lower socioeconomic status are factors associated with an increased risk of drop-out. An interpretation of the results of this study is that coaches play a central part in creating a sports context that facilitates motivation and continued soccer participation. Based on the findings of the current study we propose that soccer clubs implement theoretically informed coach education programs to help coaches adopt autonomy-supportive coaching strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Psychosocial Predictors of Drop-Out from Organised Sport: A Prospective Study in Adolescent Soccer

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Stenling

Solstad

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Numerous studies, mainly from the social sciences, have focused on the determinants of PA (Gatouillat et al, 2020) and can offer tools to study the influence of esports on physical practice. Some approaches focus on the levers of PA (ecological model [Bauman et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2021;Martins et al, 2015;Moulds et al, 2022;Spence & Lee, 2003] or leisure constraints mo-or leisure constraints model [Crane & Temple, 2015;Witt & Dangi, 2017]), while others are more interested in the description of PA paths over time (retrospective or longitudinal methods [Bentzen et al, 2021;Bidart, 2013;Forté, 2006;Lafabrègue, 2020;Gardner et al, 2017;Joncheray et al, 2015]). Depending on the methodologies, these approaches make it possible to describe the phenomenon and/or explain and understand it.…”

Section: Influence Of Esports On Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Esports Players Inactive? A Systematic Review

Voisin

Besombes

Laffage-Cosnier

2022

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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As esports grow, public authorities have many concerns about the potential negative health effects of this “sedentary” practice. This work proposes a systematic review on the links between esports and physical activity (PA). The research questions guiding this review are as follows: (1) What is the PA level of esports players? (2) Do data exist regarding the influence of participation in esports on players’ PA? (3) Based on these findings, what future research questions should be asked and what studies should be conducted? Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that esports players appeared to be active, exceeding World Health Organization recommendations, in 13 studies and inactive or low-active in four studies. The different populations of players do not appear to have the same degree of PA. High-level, professional, and/or supervised players appear to be more physically active. However, some data are inconsistent, and our review highlights several biases and methodological limitations. Additionally, while we have found no studies providing data on the influence of esports on PA, five studies highlight several factors that could push players to engage in PA. Finally, further research is needed using objective measurement tools and characterizing and accurately distinguishing between players’ levels of expertise and the type of game played. The nature and modalities of the PA also need to be clarified. We encourage supplementing these quantitative data with qualitative data obtained through interviews to provide a description and understanding of the influence of esports on PA engagement, re-engagement, retention, and withdrawal.

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“…For example, youth athletes learn how to engage in prosocial behavior with teammates and can experience positive self-esteem and perceived athletic competence as a result of sports participation (Anderson-Butcher et al, 2021; Gano-Overway et al, 2009). As such, more research is needed to understand how children navigate periods of transition in sport and explore how children’s psychosocial abilities may fluctuate during transitions (Dunn & Tamminen, 2021; Moulds et al, 2022).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transitioning to competitive sport during the COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring children’s experiences from a developmental perspective.

Dunn¹,

Tamminen²,

Kerr³

et al. 2023

Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology

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Researchers have documented how athletes navigate transitions within high-performance sport; however, little is known about the transitions that youth athletes face in their athletic development. When studying youth sport populations, it is imperative to consider how sports experiences coincide with children’s changing psychosocial abilities. The purpose of this study was to explore how children’s psychosocial abilities interact with their sports participation as they attempt to navigate the transition from recreational to competitive sport. Seven children (Mage = 10 years, 6 females, 1 male) and their parents participated in a mixed methods study. Parents and children completed qualitative interviews and measures of the child’s perceived social and athletic competencies (Harter, 1985) at three time points across a 12-month period. Qualitative data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis, and quantitative data were integrated throughout the results. Each dyad had a unique transitional experience; some children transitioned into more competitive levels of sport, while others needed multiple attempts to qualify for new teams (i.e., multiple tryouts over 12 months), and other children did not transition into more competitive sport levels. Salient transition experiences, such as tryouts or meeting new teammates, presented children with opportunities to demonstrate psychosocial abilities such as social comparisons and self-evaluations with peers. Challenges for sports clubs due to the COVID-19 pandemic impacted children’s opportunities to transition in sport. This study provides initial insight into how young athletes and parents perceive and experience phases of their sport transition, and how children’s psychosocial abilities can play a role in the transition process.

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Youth sport dropout according to the Process-Person-Context-Time model: a systematic review

Cited by 19 publications

References 129 publications

Psychosocial Predictors of Drop-Out from Organised Sport: A Prospective Study in Adolescent Soccer

Psychosocial Predictors of Drop-Out from Organised Sport: A Prospective Study in Adolescent Soccer

Are Esports Players Inactive? A Systematic Review

Transitioning to competitive sport during the COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring children’s experiences from a developmental perspective.

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