“…The use of additives in the electrodeposition solution is extremely important due to their influence on the structure and growth of the resulting deposit. It has been shown that the presence of additives influences the physical and mechanical properties of electrodeposits such as grain size, brightness, internal stress, pitting, and even chemical composition [6].…”
The use of deep eutectic solvents for metal electrodeposition has become an area of interest in the recent years. In this study, ethaline, propeline, and reline were used as solvents for the electrodeposition of Sn-Zn alloys. Ethaline, propeline, and reline displayed identical voltammetric profiles for the reduction of Zn(II) and Sn(II). Further studies were carried out in ethaline which is the liquid with lowest viscosity. To improve physical and morphological properties of the Sn-Zn deposits, additives were added to the ionic liquid solution. In this study, the addition of three chelators (EDTA, HEDTA, and Idranal VII) and their effects on the voltammetric behavior of zinc and tin and the resultant morphology was described. The structure and composition of the Zn-Sn deposit was largely affected by the additives with the largest effect being obtained in the presence of Idranal VII.
“…The use of additives in the electrodeposition solution is extremely important due to their influence on the structure and growth of the resulting deposit. It has been shown that the presence of additives influences the physical and mechanical properties of electrodeposits such as grain size, brightness, internal stress, pitting, and even chemical composition [6].…”
The use of deep eutectic solvents for metal electrodeposition has become an area of interest in the recent years. In this study, ethaline, propeline, and reline were used as solvents for the electrodeposition of Sn-Zn alloys. Ethaline, propeline, and reline displayed identical voltammetric profiles for the reduction of Zn(II) and Sn(II). Further studies were carried out in ethaline which is the liquid with lowest viscosity. To improve physical and morphological properties of the Sn-Zn deposits, additives were added to the ionic liquid solution. In this study, the addition of three chelators (EDTA, HEDTA, and Idranal VII) and their effects on the voltammetric behavior of zinc and tin and the resultant morphology was described. The structure and composition of the Zn-Sn deposit was largely affected by the additives with the largest effect being obtained in the presence of Idranal VII.
“…We can see how there is a relationship between the best AF, low CE and high EC when the surfactants CTMA, DSS and AD are present in the electrolyte. Figure (5a) shows a deposit in the form of hexagonal plates, well defined, typical of a zinc deposit, moderate sized and oriented randomly (7)(8)(9)(10). The main orientation of these plates were (002) and (103).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All of these modifications together can enhance crystals growth, by changing morphology and structure (6)(7)(8)(9)(10).…”
Industrial processes look for maximum production with deposits of high purity, good physical apearence AF and high profitability. Problems during the deposit as a low-quality, low current efficiency EC and high energy consumption CE are present. One solution has been the use of organic additives in small quantities. This work sought to optimize the process with the addition of additives to the electrolyte of ZnSO 4 analyzing the effects caused on the basis of the EC, CE and AF. Furthermore, X-Ray diffraction was used and scanning electron microscopy to analyze the morphology of the crystals. Additives used were tetramethylammonium chloride CTMA, tetrabutylammonium chloride CTBA, sodium dodecyl sulfate (DSS), decylamine (DA) and 1-decanol (DE). With additives of short-chain, we obtained good results in relation to the AF, EC, CE and orientation of the crystals deposited.
“…It is well known that the crystal structure of an electrodeposited metal is usually affected by the application of an organic additive [24][25][26] . To characterise the deposit and to understand the effect of N,N'-1,3-bis-[N-3-(6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-D-glucopyranose-6-yl)-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl)]-2-tetradecyloxypropane on the crystal structure of the layer electrodeposited, SEM and XRD characterisation were carried out on samples with thickness of about 10µm of deposit performed on iron substrate, from solutions containing or not the additive.…”
Section: Electroplating Tin Characterisationmentioning
Tin electrodeposition in an acidic medium in the presence of N,N’-1,3-bis-[N-3-(6-deoxy-3-O-methylD-glucopyranose-6-yl)-2-oxobenzimidazol-1-yl)]-2-tetradecyloxypropane as an additive was investigated in this work. The adequate current density and the appropriate additive concentration were determined by gravimetric measurements. Chronopotentiometric curves showed that the presence of the additive caused an increase in the overpotential of tin reduction. The investigations by cyclic voltammetry technique revealed that, in the presence and in absence of the additive, there were two peaks, one in the cathodic side attributed to the reduction of Sn2+ and the other one in the anodic side assigned to the oxidation of tin previously formed during the cathodic scan. The surface morphology of the tin deposits was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XRD.
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