Yield, Water Use Efficiency and Physiological Characteristic of “Tommy Atkins” Mango under Partial Rootzone Drying Irrigation System

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the yield, water use efficiency and physiologic characteristics of "Tommy Atkins" mango under partial rootzone drying. The experiment was carried out in an orchard of mango in the irrigated perimeter of Ceraíma, BA. Five treatments and six repetitions were used with one tree per experimental plot: 01-Full Irrigation, 100% of ETc, 02-100% of ETc with frequency of alternance (FA) of 15 days, 03-80% ETc with FA of 15 days, 04-60% of ETc with FA of 15 days, 05-40% ETc with FA of 15 days. The treatments were conductedfrom the beginning of flowering to the harvest of mango in an orchard irrigated by drip. There was no significant reduction in productivity of "Tommy Atkins" mango under PRD up to 40% of ETc and PRD with 40% ETc resulted in greater water use efficiency. There was no significant difference among the averages of photosynthetically active radiation, Qleaf; leaf temperature, Tl; internal CO2 concentration, Ci; transpiration, E; stomatal conductance, gs; photosynthesis, A; carboxylation efficiency, A/Ci; quantum efficiency of photosynthesis, A/Qleaf and instantaneous water use efficiency, A/E between full irrigation and PRD with different water depth. The increase in leaf temperature causes reduction in A/Qleaf and A/E, however, it increases the transpiration. Increased gs results in higher rates of E, A and A/Ci. The use of the PRD with 40% of ETc causes no interference in gas exchange, maintains the yield and increases water use efficiency in "Tommy Atkins" mango tree.

Irrigation Deficit Strategies on Physiological and Productive Parameters of 'Tommy Atkins' Mango

“…-mar., 2016 180 ( Figure 3) with a reduced water application in the PRD. Santos et al (2015) reported that the stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis tend to decreased with an increase in the deficit up to 40% of ETc in PRD, confirming the results found in the present work. …”

“…Spreer et al (2009) PRD in a 'Kent' mango orchard in the semi-arid region of the State of Bahia, Brazil, found that the application of 50% of the water volume does not cause significant yield reductions, with PRD alternating every 14 or 21 days. A PRD with 40% of ETc, alternating the irrigation side every 15 days, also maintained the yield and increased water use efficiency in 'Tommy Atkins' mango in a semiarid region, according to Santos et al (2015). The production results of the present work with PRD differs from those found by Spreer et al (2007), Spreer et al (2009), Sant"Ana et al (2009 and Santos et al (2015).…”

“…A PRD with 40% of ETc, alternating the irrigation side every 15 days, also maintained the yield and increased water use efficiency in 'Tommy Atkins' mango in a semiarid region, according to Santos et al (2015). The production results of the present work with PRD differs from those found by Spreer et al (2007), Spreer et al (2009), Sant"Ana et al (2009 and Santos et al (2015). It is noteworthy that each variety have different production patterns and the mango has an alternating production due to end of plant nutrients or by successive deficit applications, as performed in this work.…”

Irrigação Lateralmente Alternada Em Lima Ácida 'Tahiti' Na Região Norte De Minas Gerais

“…O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados (DBC), com quatro repetições, nove tratamentos, estratégias baseadas na irrigação lateralmente alternada (PRD), conforme Dzikiti, Steppe e Lemeur (2008), Sampaio et al (2010) e Santos et al (2015), sendo para o ano de 2008, primeiro ciclo de avaliação: 1) 25% de redução da lâmina de irrigação (LI) estimada pela evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc) e sete dias de frequência de alternância de lado da planta (FA) na fase de floração (F1), crescimento do fruto (F2) e estabilidade (F3); 2) 25% de LI e 14 dias de FA de F1 e F3; 3) 50% de LI e 7 dias de FA de F1 a F3; 4) 50% de LI e 15 dias de FA de F1 a F3; 5) 25% de LI em F1 e F2, 50% de LI em F3 e 7 dias de FA; 6) 25% de LI em F1 e F2, 50% de LI em F3 e 15 dias de FA; 7) 25% de LI em F1 e 50% de LI em F2 e F3 e 7 dias de FA; 8) 25% de LI em F1 e 50% de LI em F2 e F3 e 15 dias de FA e9) Irrigação plena.…”

“…A maior demanda evapotranspirométrica (ETo) neste mês e as temperaturas mais amenas pela manhã (FARIA, 2014) Ao comparar os valores das características supracitadas nos horários das 10:00 e 13:00, verificou-se que, Ci foi 9,56% menor, gs 66,52% menor, A 56,54% menor, enquanto a temperatura foliar às 13:00 foi 30% maior que no horário das 10:00 e a transpiração não variou entre horários (Tabela 2). A elevação da temperatura causou redução na fotossíntese, corroborando Medina et al (2005) e Machado et al (2010), mas não causou redução na transpiração como observado por Santos et al (2015), o que evidencia mais um efeito enzimático que estomático . Sob concentração de CO2 ambiental, aumento na temperatura modifica as constantes cinéticas da rubisco e aumenta a taxa de oxigenação, preferencialmente à carboxilação, aumenta a fotorrespiração e decresce fotossíntese líquida.…”