Yield, structural composition and nutritive characteristics of ryegrass cultivars used to haymaking in lowland soils

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the dry matter yield, structural composition and nutritive characteristics of diploid and tetraploid annual ryegrass cultivars on different phenological development to haymaking on lowland soils. The experimental design was developed based on randomized blocks with split plots, four cultivars of annual ryegrass (BRS Ponteio and FEPAGRO São Gabriel, diploid; INIA Escorpio and KLM 138, tetraploid), and three phenological crop phases (vegetative, pre-blossoming and blossoming). Were evaluated, dry matter yield, leaf:stem ratio, leaf weight ratio, tiller population density, specific leaf area, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber. All data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey-Kramer test (p< 0,05). Highest forage mass is obtained with harvest in blossoming stage. Tetraploid cultivars present better leaf proportion and higher content of crude protein during vegetative stage. The decrease the in concentration of protein with the change of phenological stage is less evident on diploid cultivars. The vegetative stage enables harvest forage with high nutritional value, with lower production of biomass.

Dynamics of forage production in annual ryegrass cultivars / Dinâmica da produção de forragem de cultivares de azevém anual

“…Regarding ploidy, the contrast between diploids and tetraploids for TFP was significant (p<0.05) (Table 6), which shows that generally tetraploid cultivars are superior in comparison with diploid cultivars. A number of traits differentiate tetraploid cultivars from diploid cultivars such as larger and wider leaves (Sattler et al, 2016), lower tiller populations (Costa et al, 2018), and higher soluble carbohydrate content (ROBINS & LOVATT, 2016). This lead us to the conclusion that cultivars of this ploidy would favor consumption and animal performance.…”

Sustainability of Lolium multiflorum L. “Ecotype Cajamarquino”, Associated with Trifolium repens L., at Three Harvest Times in the Northern Highlands of Peru

“…Long intervals between cuts allow for advanced pasture maturity, reflected in increased fibre [11] higher aerial biomass yield. Still, low protein concentration, digestibility and energy [13][14][15], due to wall thickening and reduced cell content [16,17].…”

Principais características de cultivares de azevém-anual utilizados no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil

“…Também apresentam menor resistência ao pastejo, maior exigência em fertilidade e menor produção de sementes (INIA, 2010). A tetraploidia no azevém-anual aumenta a taxa de alongamento celular (pode provocar afrouxamento da parede celular), aumenta também o conteúdo celular em relação à parede celular, o tamanho das células e das folhas, a proporção folhas/colmo, o teor de água, a concentração dos carboidratos solúveis em água, o teor de proteína e, por implicação, o valor nutritivo dos cultivares, tornandoos mais palatáveis, quando comparados em igualdade de condições aos cultivares diploides (Figura 2) (COSTA et al, 2018;KAGIMURA, 2017;INIA, 2010;SUGIYAMA, 2005;SMITH et al, 2001). Segundo Kagimura (2017) e Havilah (2017), os cultivares tetraploides apresentam teores de açúcares mais elevados, maior digestibilidade, rápido crescimento e renovação dos tecidos e maior comprimento final de lâminas, o que pode levar à maior captação de radiação e maior produção de forragem.…”