Yield, quality and enzyme activity of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) grown on different agricultural wastes

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to investigate cultivation of Lentinula edodes by using different agricultural wastes (oak sawdust, poplar sawdust, wheat stalk, peanut shell, corncob and vine pruning waste) and to determine the most suitable growing mixture/mixtures. For this purpose, 12 growing mixtures were tested. Within the scope of the experiment, besides measurement of yield and quality parameters of mushrooms, properties of agricultural wastes and enzyme activities (laccase and cellulase) of mixtures at different periods were measured. Based on results of the study, the highest and lowest amounts of nitrogen were obtained from after harvest (1.71%) and after sterilization (1.34%) periods, respectively. While the highest amount of carbon was at the after-sterilization period (46.6%), the lowest amount was recorded at the after harvest (45.64%) period. The fastest and slowest mycelia development time was observed in A7 (21.67 days) and A4 (50 days) mixtures, respectively. While the highest yield was determined in A5 (299.59 g kg-1) mixture, A9 (55.99 g kg-1), A6 (65.59 g kg-1) and A11 (75.47 g kg-1) gave the lowest results. While the highest biological activity rate was recorded in A3 (93.65 %) and A5 (92.90%), the lowest was observed in A11 (21.45%), A6 (19.85%) and A9 (19.22%) mixtures. The highest and lowest protein amounts were determined in the A5, A7 and A10, A9 and C mixtures, respectively. The highest cellulase and laccase activities were found in A3 (3.16 IU g-1) and A7 (2164.48 U g-1), respectively.

Effects of different agricultural wastes on yield and quality in Pholiota nameko cultivation

“…This was followed by O1 (13.74 mm) and O4 (12.68 mm), respectively. It has been reported that the average stipe diameter value varies between 8.89 and 27.24 mm (Baktemur et al, 2022). For the stipe length, C (48.89) and O1 (51.67) were statistically in the same group.…”

“…The highest biological efficiency was obtained from JZB2116005 with 67.88%, while the control JZB2116001 isolate had the lowest rate with 41.35%. When some studies performed with different mushroom species were examined in terms of biological efficiency, it was found to be between 5.31% and 16.37% in G. lucidum (Hal et al 2021), between 93.65% in L. edodes (Baktemur et al, 2022), between 17.34% and 44.86% in Pleurotus eryngii (Baştuğ, 2021), between 22.83% and 29.29% in G. frondosa (Kara et al 2021).…”

“…In another study, the average yield of P. ostreatus and P. florida was reported to be between 27.0 and 42.0 g 100 g -1 and 28.3 and 34.0 g 100 g -1 , respectively (Kırbağ and Korkmaz, 2013). In a study carried out by Baktemur et al (2022), the average yield values varied between 55.99 and 299.59 g kg-1. Among the substrates, the highest yield was found in the mixture of oak sawdust, wheat stalk and wheat bran with 299.59 g kg -1 .…”

“…For the stipe length, C (48.89) and O1 (51.67) were statistically in the same group. Average stipe length value changed between 21.31 and 49.11 mm in L. edodes cultured different growing mixtures (Baktemur et al, 2022). While the highest stipe length was obtained from a mixture of wheat stalk and wheat bran with 63.28 mm, the shortest value was recorded in the mixture of oak sawdust and wheat bran with 40.49 mm in P. eryngii by Baştuğ (2021).…”

“…In P. eryngii, the highest and lowest moisture levels were determined at after sterilization period with 67.27% and after harvest period with 65.03%, respectively (Baştuğ et al 2021). The highest moisture was recorded in the mixture of poplar sawdust and wheat bran with 72.10% and it was followed by wheat stalk and wheat bran mixture (71.12%) and oak sawdust, wheat stalk and wheat bran mixture (69.22%) (Baktemur et al 2022). In G. frondosa, mixture x time interaction was found to be important and the highest amount of moisture was determined in E4 with 82.22% at after harvest period.…”