Yield and chemical composition of essential oil from Salvia officinalis L. in third year of cultivation

Abstract

S u m m a r yThe study upon sage (Salvia officinalis L.) has been carried out at the Experimental Section of Department of Vegetables and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The aim of present study was to evaluate the yield and chemical composition of essential oil extracted from sage leaves harvested from a three-year plantation. The sage herb harvest date in the third year of cultivation had a significant impact on the yield of plants. Higher yield of fresh and dry herb, dry leaves, and essential oil was achieved in August (the second harvest time) than in May (the first harvest time). Chromatographic examination indicated the presence of 50 chemical compounds in sage essential oil. It was a variable percentage of essential oil components depending on the raw material harvest time. The main components of the sage essential oil were: 1,8-cineole (16.08-18.04%), α-thujone (10.40-21.51%) and camphor (5.24-18.08%).

ONTOGENETIC VARIABILITY IN THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER SAVORY (Satureja montana L.) HERB YIELD

“…The interaction of the ontogenetic factors studied was also shown to have a significant effect on fresh and dry S. montana herb yield. Similar relationships were demonstrated by Baranauskiene et al [2011] in the case of sage, who found fresh and dry herb yield to continuously increase until the time of seed maturation when these parameters significantly decreased, and by Zawiślak [2014] who proved that sage harvested in August gave a higher yield than that collected in May. In the case of hyssop, the fresh and dry herb yield was highest after plant senescence compared to the other growth stages [Zawiślak 2011].…”

“…Likewise, the level of other active constituents changes at different plant growth stages [Çirak et al 2007]. Harvest date has a significant effect on the content of L-ascorbic acid, chlorophyll, carotenoids and essential oil in hyssop herb [Zawiślak 2011] as well as on fresh and dry herb yield, dry leaf yield and essential oil content in sage [Zawiślak 2014].…”

Bioactive Profile of Various Salvia officinalis L. Preparations

“…Most of the research involving this plant is focused on the production of essential oil and its chemical composition. The most commonly used methods are conventional processes including hydrodistillation, using a Clevenger-type apparatus for 30 min [14], 1 h [14], 2 h [14,15,16,17,18,19], 3 h [20,21,22,23,24,25,26] or 4 h [27,28,29,30,31], the modified Clevenger apparatus for 2 h [32,33], and an Unger-type apparatus for 3 h [34]. The hydrodistillation apparatus can be placed inside a microwave oven to obtain essential oil without any addition of solvents, including water, as described by Koubaa et al [35].…”

“…Essential oil is a secondary metabolite, whose production depends on conditions such as individual plant chemotypes, geographical location, date of harvest and harvest frequency, growing conditions, water deficit, proportions of plant parts and type of drying, as well as hydrodistillation time [14,17,18,20,23,24,26,27,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80]. Given the difference in composition of essential oil shown in Table 1, some authors divide sage into several chemotypes depending on the concentration of the components.…”

Chemical Composition of Marrubium <i>Vulgare l</i>. Essential Oil from Algeria

“…The study showed that the essential oil content in the dry herb of Marrubium vulgare L. was on average 0.05 % [19]. The results obtained through our study are recorded in Table1. Concerning the dominant components, which rates were more than 1 % of the total composition of the oil, nine components among fifty were at least determined.…”