Work improvement of air-and-screen cleaner of combine harvester

Abstract

The work of the air-and-screen cleaner of a grain combine harvester is considered. Flows of grainstraw heap supplied for cleaning are evaluated. The methods of splitting the heap into grain and nongrain parts are described. To improve the work of the grain combine harvester cleaner, several design solutions are proposed that make possible an intensified fractionation of straw-grain heap. In the modified design of the lipped screen, the combs of the upper working sections of neighboring louver boards are offset by one half of the comb pitch The paper outlines the technological process of air-screen cleaning in a combine harvester. The uniformity of the air flow in the cleaning of the combine, which ensures the efficiency of the work, is considered. The authors give account of straw-grain flows supplied for cleaning in the form of a heap. The ways of dividing the heap into grain and the non-grain part are shown, in particular. To improve the cleaning process in a combine harvester, a number of design solutions have been proposed, which makes it possible to intensify the process of dividing straw-grain heaps into fractions. This provides for an increased heap division into grain and nongrain parts. To isolate small impurities, an additional fine-mesh sieve is installed in the cleaning system between the lower sieve and the inclined bottom. This is relevant when cleaning clogged weeds of crops. Grain falls on this sieve and slides over it to get to the grain auger, while fine impurities pass through the sieve. In order to remove these impurities from the cleaning system, a sluice gate is installed at the lower end of the inclined bottom. Such a design of the cleaning system allows obtaining cleaner grain in the combine harvester, which will result in reduced energy consumption in its post-harvest processing.

Influence of the angle of the bath bottom inclination in ergot isolation device on grain immersion in a liquid

“…Then equation 4for a grain moving at a constant speed (a = 0), in projection on the inclined surface of the bottom of the bath (axis ox), taking into account the expressions (5) and (6), will have the form:…”

“…Therefore, after threshing the grain mass with combine harvesters [3,4,5], grain heaps contain poisonous ergot sclerotia in addition to grain, organic and mineral impurities [6,7,8]. Therefore, to obtain grain suitable for food, technical and seed purposes, it is necessary to clean the grain heap, the task of which is to isolate all impurities, especially toxic ergot.…”

Parameters of the seed output device of the ergot isolation machine

“…Currently, grain production is mechanized. Harvesting is carried out by combine harvesters [3,4,5]. After threshing the grain mass with these combines, due to the imperfection of their cleaning mechanism, the grain heap contains grain, organic and mineral impurities, as well as harmful impurities, which include poisonous ergot sclerotia [6,7,8].…”

Theoretical Underpinnings of the Parameters of Device for Cleaning Grain from Ergot Sclerotia

“…Комбайновый зерновой материал, поступающий на пункты послеуборочной обработки, содержит кроме полновесного зерна различные сорные примеси, в том числе вредные (семена вязеля, горчака, мышатника, плевела, куколя), а также ядовитые склероции (рожки) спорыньи 2 [3; 4].…”