“…Cycling generally has not been well adopted in many African countries, Goel et al (2022) reported that 0.1 % of females in Accra, Ghana and Cape Town, South Africa respectively and 2.1 % in Kisumu, Kenya are cycling, compared to 16.8 % of females in Munich Germany. In addition to this low adoption of cycling as a mode of transportation, female cyclists are sandwiched between different layers of inequityfrom the cultural and social norms they live with (Song et al, 2019;Iqbal et al, 2020), the gendered differences, household and childcare responsibilities, and how they travel around (Goel et al, 2022;Russell et al, 2021), to the imposing limitations and the instructional and structural challenges of their country, where there is limited investment in cycling infrastructure (Song et al, 2019;Mogaji, 2020;Mogaji, 2022b). This target group of individuals provides a justifiable background for assessing social and spatial disparities of cycling as a form of active transportation.…”