Women and Men as Leaders

Women and leadership: Gender barriers to senior management positions

“…Este planteamiento sugiere que muchas mujeres al no disponer de tiempo fuera de su horario laboral para invertirlo en su formación quedan excluidas de la promoción profesional. Del mismo modo, habitualmente son las mujeres las que interrumpen sus carreras profesionales o trabajan a tiempo parcial para el cuidado de la familia, por lo que tienen menos años de experiencia laboral y más interrupciones que desaceleran su progreso profesional (Eagly & Carli, 2004;2007;Hoyt, 2010;Keith & McWilliams, 1999;Pons Peregort et al, 2013).…”

“…This approach suggests that many women, who do not have time available outside working hours to invest in training, are excluded from job promotion. Similarly, it is usually women who interrupt their professional careers or work part time in order to take care of their families, which means they have fewer years of work experience and more interruptions, which slows down their professional progress (Eagly & Carli, 2004;2007;Hoyt, 2010;Keith & McWilliams, 1999;Pons Peregort et al, 2013).…”

Global Factors Affecting Women's Participation in Leadership

“…As will be shown, many of the findings in this research are inconsistent and sometimes contradictory, illuminating the importance of evaluating context (economic, business, social, technological, political, and cultural) when proposing such research. Eagly and Carli (2004) offer several explanations for women"s lesser occupancy of high-level leadership positions in the United States. One explanation is that women make less of an investment in human capital, although not necessarily in terms of education or work experience.…”

“…Because of women"s greater involvement in domestic work, their attention is often diverted from training and efforts made toward paid work, causing them to experience interruptions in their work history, more than men. Another explanation is that women and men lead differently and these styles are inconsistent with the role expectations of leaders and therefore lead to a potential prejudice and discrimination against women in leadership roles (Eagly & Carli, 2004).…”

Developing A Leadership Identity: A Case Study Exploring a Select Group of Hispanic Women at a Hispanic Serving Institution

“…Although the discipline of leadership has evolved over the past 100 years, until the 1980s the majority of research on leadership was conducted on leaders in political, military and corporate settings, which at the highest levels were, and continue to be, dominated by European American men (Astin & Leland, 1991;Eagly & Carli, 2004;Hoyt, 2007;Klenke, 1996). These privileged few have defined power, authority and knowledge and have provided the context for how leadership is defined and practiced.…”