Wistar rats with high versus low rearing activity differ in radial maze performance

Görisch, Jutta; Schwarting, Rainer K.W.

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2006.02.004

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These individual differences in rearing behavior are consistent with the role attributed to rearing as being indicative of reward-seeking, emotionality, and reactivity to novelty [45,46]. High rearing animals have been found to be more efficient in obtaining and consuming food pellets in a radial-maze [52], and to show earlier behavioral sensitization to systemic nicotine [46]. At the neurochemical level, high rearing rats exhibit enhanced ventral and dorsal striatal DA activity as compared to low rearing counterparts [53].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Individual differences in anticipatory activity to food rewards predict cue-induced appetitive 50-kHz calls in rats

Brenes

Schwarting

2015

Physiology & Behavior

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Individual differences in anticipatory activity to food rewards predict cue-induced appetitive 50-kHz calls in rats

Brenes

Schwarting

2015

Physiology & Behavior

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“…The number of rearings represented a good correlation with the crossing occurrences, which supports the hypothesis that rearing (exploratory activity) and crossings (locomotor activity) are determined by similar, but not identical mechanisms. 46 The next step was to evaluate olanzapine in different doses and forms in the PPI after apomorphine-induced startle gating deficits in rats. Since this is one of the main methods for the characterization of new drugs and delivery systems in the schizophrenia research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoencapsulation Improves Relative Bioavailability and Antipsychotic Effect of Olanzapine in Rats

Fa¹,

Mc²,

Ca³

et al. 2015

j biomed nanotechnol

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This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and antipsychotic activity of olanzapine administered as free drug (OLA-FREE) or loaded into lipid-core nanocapsules (OLA-LNC). OLA-LNC were successfully developed with a particle size of 142 ± 4 nm and a zeta potential of -19.6 ± 0.6 mV. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution studies were carried out after the administration of free and nanoencapsulated olanzapine (10 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal route to male Wistar rats. Higher olanzapine concentrations and AUC(0-12 h) were found in plasma and tissues evaluated after the administration of OLA-LNC compared to the drug in the free form, resulting in a relative bioavailability of 226.7% in the plasma. As a result olanzapine loaded lipid-core nanocapsules presented pronounced and long-lasting effects on central nervous system. These nanocapsules (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly diminished the stereotyped behavior induced by D,L-amphetamine up to 12 hours whereas olanzapine free-form (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was effective during 03 hours only. Moreover, olanzapine loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) have shown a marked sedative effect and also prevented the prepulse inhibition disruption induced by apomorphine at lower dose than olanzapine in free-form (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.). Herewith, we point to the nanoencapsulation as a strategy for reducing the concentration of olanzapine in pharmaceutical formulations.

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“…Testing was performed on a radial maze of gray plastic with 8 arms (9.8640.5 cm) extending radially from a central platform (diameter: 24 cm), which was elevated 52 cm above the floor (for details see: [60]). Acoustic stimuli were presented through an ultrasonic speaker (ScanSpeak, Avisoft Bioacoustics, Berlin, Germany) using an external sound card with a sampling rate of 192 kHz (Fire Wire Audio Capture FA-101, Edirol, London, UK) and a portable ultrasonic power amplifier with a frequency range of 1-125 kHz (Avisoft Bioacoustics).…”

Section: Experimental Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Transmission of Avoidance Behavior Under Situational Change in Learned and Unlearned Rats

2016

Animal Behavior

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Rats emit distinct types of ultrasonic vocalizations, which differ depending on age, the subject's current state and environmental factors. Since it was shown that 50-kHz calls can serve as indices of the animal's positive subjective state, they have received increasing experimental attention, and have successfully been used to study neurobiological mechanisms of positive affect. However, it is likely that such calls do not only reflect a positive affective state, but that they also serve a communicative purpose. Actually, rats emit the highest rates of 50-kHz calls typically during social interactions, like reproductive behavior, juvenile play and tickling. Furthermore, it was recently shown that rats emit 50-kHz calls after separation from conspecifics. The aim of the present study was to test the communicative value of such 50-kHz calls. In a first experiment, conducted in juvenile rats situated singly on a radial maze apparatus, we showed that 50-kHz calls can induce behavioral activation and approach responses, which were selective to 50-kHz signals, since presentation of 22-kHz calls, considered to be aversive or threat signals, led to behavioral inhibition. In two other experiments, we used either natural 50-kHz calls, which had been previously recorded from other rats, or artificial sine wave stimuli, which were identical to these calls with respect to peak frequency, call length and temporal appearance. These signals were presented to either juvenile (Exp. 2) or adult (Exp. 3) male rats. Our data clearly show that 50-kHz signals can induce approach behavior, an effect, which was more pronounced in juvenile rats and which was not selective to natural calls, especially in adult rats. The recipient rats also emitted some 50-kHz calls in response to call presentation, but this effect was observed only in adult subjects. Together, our data show that 50-kHz calls can serve communicative purposes, namely as a social signal, which increases the likelihood of approach in the recipient conspecific.

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Wistar rats with high versus low rearing activity differ in radial maze performance

Cited by 28 publications

References 46 publications

Individual differences in anticipatory activity to food rewards predict cue-induced appetitive 50-kHz calls in rats

Individual differences in anticipatory activity to food rewards predict cue-induced appetitive 50-kHz calls in rats

Nanoencapsulation Improves Relative Bioavailability and Antipsychotic Effect of Olanzapine in Rats

Social Transmission of Avoidance Behavior Under Situational Change in Learned and Unlearned Rats

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